Department of Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India.
Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:1263-1274. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 May 15.
Since the last decade, the metal composite nanostructures have evolved as promising candidates in regard to their wide applications in the fields of science and engineering. Recently, several investigators identified the titanium based nanomaterials as excellent agents for multifunctional environmental and biomedical applications. In this perspective, we have developed a series of zinc-doped (2 and 5%) titanium oxide-based nanomaterials using various reaction conditions and calcination temperatures (TZ1-TZ3: calcined at 500°C, TZ4-TZ6: calcined at 600°C and TZ7-TZ9: calcined at 700°C). The calcined materials (TZ1 to TZ9) were thoroughly analyzed by several physico-chemical characterization methods. The increase of the calcination temperature results in significant changes of the textural properties of the nanostructured materials. In addition, the increase of the calcination temperature leads to the formation of anatase/rutile mixtures with higher quantity of rutile. Furthermore, incorporation of zinc changes the morphology of the obtained nanoparticles. The materials were studied in the photodegradation of methylene blue observing that materials calcined at lower temperatures (TZ1-TZ3) have higher photocatalytic activity than those of the materials calcined at 600°C (TZ4-TZ6), rutile-based systems TZ7-TZ9 are not active. Based on the background literature of titanium and zinc based nanostructures in therapeutic angiogenesis, we have explored the pro-angiogenic properties of these materials using various in vitro and in vivo assays. The zinc-doped titanium dioxide nanostructures (TZ5 and TZ6) exhibited increased cell viability, proliferation, enhanced S-phase cell population, increased pro-angiogenic messengers (ROS: reactive oxygen species and NO: nitric oxide) production and promoted in vivo blood vessel formation in a plausible mechanistic p38/STAT3 dependent signaling cascade. Altogether, the results of the present study showcase these zinc doped-titanium oxide nanoparticles as promising candidates for environmental (water-remediation) and therapeutic angiogenic applications.
自上个十年以来，金属复合纳米结构因其在科学和工程领域的广泛应用而成为有前途的候选材料。最近，一些研究人员发现钛基纳米材料是多功能环境和生物医学应用的优秀试剂。在这方面，我们使用各种反应条件和煅烧温度（TZ1-TZ3：煅烧温度为 500°C，TZ4-TZ6：煅烧温度为 600°C，TZ7-TZ9：煅烧温度为 700°C）开发了一系列锌掺杂（2%和 5%）的基于氧化钛的纳米材料。煅烧后的材料（TZ1 到 TZ9）通过多种物理化学特性分析方法进行了彻底的分析。煅烧温度的升高导致纳米结构材料的结构特性发生显著变化。此外，煅烧温度的升高导致锐钛矿/金红石混合物的形成，其中金红石的含量更高。此外，锌的掺入改变了所得纳米颗粒的形态。通过观察这些材料在亚甲基蓝的光降解中的作用，发现煅烧温度较低的材料（TZ1-TZ3）比煅烧温度为 600°C 的材料（TZ4-TZ6）具有更高的光催化活性，基于金红石的系统 TZ7-TZ9 则没有活性。基于钛和锌基纳米结构在治疗性血管生成中的背景文献，我们使用各种体外和体内实验探索了这些材料的促血管生成特性。锌掺杂的二氧化钛纳米结构（TZ5 和 TZ6）表现出增加的细胞活力、增殖、增强的 S 期细胞群体、增加的促血管生成信使（ROS：活性氧和 NO：一氧化氮）的产生以及在合理的 p38/STAT3 依赖的信号级联中促进体内血管形成。总的来说，本研究的结果表明，这些锌掺杂的氧化钛纳米颗粒是环境（水修复）和治疗性血管生成应用的有前途的候选材料。
