Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 2° andar, São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde (NUPENS/USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde (NUPENS/USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil; Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, MG 3013100, Brazil.
Appetite. 2017 Sep 1;116:381-388. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.027. Epub 2017 May 17.
To evaluate the influence of convenience and price of ultra-processed foods and beverages on purchases at supermarkets.
The study used data on food and beverage acquisition for household consumption from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey, performed in a random sample of 55,970 households between 2008 and 2009. Foods and beverages were categorized into four groups, according to characteristics of food processing. Retail stores were grouped into supermarkets and other food stores. Proportion of calories from foods and beverages purchased at supermarkets and other food stores, and respective mean prices (R$/1000 kcal), were calculated according to households' geographical and socioeconomic characteristics. Effect of convenience in household purchases at retail stores was expressed by the acquisition of several food items at the same store. The influence of convenience and prices of ultra-processed products on purchases at supermarkets was analyzed using log-log regression model with estimation of elasticity coefficients.
The mean prices of foods and beverages purchased at supermarkets were 37% lower in comparison to other food stores. The share of ultra-processed foods and beverages in purchases made at supermarkets was 25% higher than at other food stores. An increase of 1% in prices of ultra-processed food items led to a 0.59% reduction in calorie acquisition at supermarkets (R = 0.75; p < 0.001). On the other hand, an increase of 1% in the number of food items purchased at supermarkets resulted in 1.83% increase in calorie acquisition of ultra-processed foods and beverages (p < 0.001).
Convenience and lower relative prices of food items purchased at supermarkets, in comparison to other food stores, are relevant to explain higher share of purchases of ultra-processed foods and beverages at supermarkets.
评估超加工食品和饮料的便利性和价格对超市购买的影响。
本研究使用了巴西家庭预算调查（2008 年至 2009 年期间对 55970 户家庭进行的随机抽样调查）中有关家庭消费食品和饮料购买的数据。根据食品加工特点，将食品和饮料分为四类。零售店分为超市和其他食品店。根据家庭的地理位置和社会经济特征，计算了超市和其他食品店购买的食品和饮料的卡路里比例，以及各自的平均价格（每 1000 千卡的雷亚尔）。通过在零售商店购买家庭用品的便利性来表达便利性，即从同一商店购买几种食品。使用对数-对数回归模型分析超加工产品的便利性和价格对超市购买的影响，并估计弹性系数。
超市购买的食品和饮料的平均价格比其他食品店低 37%。超加工食品和饮料在超市购买量中的占比比其他食品店高 25%。超加工食品价格上涨 1%，超市购买的卡路里减少 0.59%（R=0.75；p<0.001）。另一方面，超市购买的食品种类增加 1%，超加工食品和饮料的卡路里摄入量增加 1.83%（p<0.001）。
与其他食品店相比，超市购买的食品便利性和相对价格较低，这是解释超加工食品和饮料在超市购买量中占比较高的重要因素。
