Herrán Alexandra R, Pérez-Andrés Jénifer, Caminero Alberto, Nistal Esther, Vivas Santiago, Ruiz de Morales José María, Casqueiro Javier
Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain; Instituto de Biología Molecular, Genómica y Proteómica (INBIOMIC), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
Res Microbiol. 2017 Sep;168(7):673-684. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 May 16.
Gluten is the only known environmental factor that triggers celiac disease. Several studies have described an imbalance between the intestinal microbiota of different individuals based on diagnoses. Moreover, recent studies have suggested that human bacteria may play an important role in gluten hydrolysis. However, there has been no research focusing on the small intestine. This study aimed to characterize the adult small intestine microbiota possibly implicated in gluten hydrolysis. Duodenal biopsies from different diagnosed individuals were cultured in a gluten-containing medium, and the grown microbiota was analyzed by culture dependent/independent methods. Results showed that gluten-degrading bacteria can be found in the human small intestine. Indeed, 114 bacterial strains belonging to 32 species were isolated; 85 strains were able to grow in a medium containing gluten as the sole nitrogen source, 31 strains showed extracellular proteolytic activity against gluten protein and 27 strains showed peptidolytic activity towards the 33 mer peptide, an immunogenic peptide for celiac disease patients. We found that there are no differences based on the diagnosis, but each individual has its own population of gluten-hydrolyzing bacteria. These bacteria or their gluten-degrading enzymes could help to improve the quality of life of celiac disease patients'.
麸质是已知唯一会引发乳糜泻的环境因素。多项研究描述了基于诊断结果不同个体肠道微生物群之间的失衡。此外，最近的研究表明人类细菌可能在麸质水解中发挥重要作用。然而，尚未有针对小肠的研究。本研究旨在表征可能与麸质水解有关的成人小肠微生物群。将来自不同诊断个体的十二指肠活检组织在含麸质的培养基中培养，并通过依赖培养/非依赖培养方法分析生长的微生物群。结果表明，在人类小肠中可发现能降解麸质的细菌。确实，分离出了属于32个物种的114株细菌菌株；85株能够在以麸质作为唯一氮源的培养基中生长，31株对麸质蛋白表现出细胞外蛋白水解活性，27株对33聚体肽（一种乳糜泻患者的免疫原性肽）表现出肽水解活性。我们发现基于诊断并无差异，但每个个体都有其自身的麸质水解细菌群体。这些细菌或其麸质降解酶可能有助于改善乳糜泻患者的生活质量。
