Costa Aldo Matos, Costa Mário Jorge, Reis António Antunes, Ferreira Sandra, Martins Júlio, Pereira Ana
Department of Sport Sciences. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal; Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD). Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. Vila Real. Portugal; Health Sciences Research Centre. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal.
Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD). Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. Vila Real. Portugal; Department of Sport Sciences. Instituto Politécnico da Guarda. Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2017 Feb 27;30(2):108-114. doi: 10.20344/amp.7712.
The purpose of this study was to analyze secular trends in anthropometrics and physical fitness of Portuguese children.
A group of 1819 students (881 boys and 938 girls) between 10 and 11 years old was assessed in their 5th and 6th scholar grade throughout a 20 years' time-frame. ANCOVA models were used to analyze variations in anthropometrics (height, weight and body mass index) and physical fitness (sit and reach, curl-up, horizontal jump and sprint time) across four quinquennials (1993 - 1998; 1998 - 2003; 2003 - 2008; 2008 - 2013).
Secular trends showed the presence of heavier boys and girls with higher body mass index in the 5th and 6th grade throughout the last 20 years. There was also a presence of taller girls but just until the 3rd quinquennial. Both boys and girls were able to perform better on the core strength test and sprint time but become less flexible over the years. Mean jumping performance remained unchanged for both genders.
The present study provides novel data on anthropometrics and physical fitness trends over the last two decades in young Portuguese children, consistent with the results reported in other developed countries.
Evidence for the start of a positive secular trend in body mass index and in some physical fitness components over the last two decades among the Portuguese youth.
本研究的目的是分析葡萄牙儿童人体测量学和身体素质的长期趋势。
在20年的时间框架内，对一组1819名10至11岁的学生（881名男孩和938名女孩）在其小学五年级和六年级时进行了评估。使用协方差分析模型分析了四个五年期（1993 - 1998年；1998 - 2003年；2003 - 2008年；2008 - 2013年）间人体测量学指标（身高、体重和体重指数）和身体素质指标（坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐、立定跳远和短跑时间）的变化。
长期趋势表明，在过去20年里，五、六年级的男孩和女孩体重更重，体重指数更高。女孩在第三个五年期之前身高也更高。男孩和女孩在核心力量测试和短跑时间上都表现得更好，但多年来柔韧性变差。男女的平均跳跃成绩保持不变。
本研究提供了关于葡萄牙儿童过去二十年人体测量学和身体素质趋势的新数据，与其他发达国家报告的结果一致。
有证据表明，过去二十年里，葡萄牙青年的体重指数和一些身体素质指标开始出现积极的长期趋势。
