INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France.
INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2017 Oct;39:8-17. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 May 18.
Autophagy is a universal mechanism in eukaryotes that promotes cell longevity and nutrient recycling through the degradation of unwanted organelles, proteins and damaged cytoplasmic compounds. Autophagy is important in plant resistance to stresses and starvations and in remobilization. Autophagy facilitates bulk and selective degradations, through the delivery of cell material to the vacuole where hydrolases and proteases reside. Large metabolite modifications are observed in autophagy mutants showing the important role of autophagy in cell homeostasis. The control of autophagic activity by nutrients and energy status is supported by several studies in plant and animal. We review how autophagy contributes to nutrient management in plants and how nutrient status control this degradation pathway for adaptation to the environment.
自噬是真核生物中一种普遍的机制，通过降解不需要的细胞器、蛋白质和受损的细胞质化合物来促进细胞长寿和营养物质的回收。自噬在植物对压力和饥饿的抵抗以及再利用中很重要。自噬通过将细胞物质递送至含有水解酶和蛋白酶的液泡来促进批量和选择性降解。在自噬突变体中观察到大量代谢物修饰，表明自噬在细胞内稳态中起着重要作用。营养物质和能量状态对自噬活性的控制得到了植物和动物的多项研究的支持。我们回顾了自噬如何有助于植物的营养物质管理，以及营养物质状态如何控制这种降解途径以适应环境。
