Jiloha R C
Department of Psychiatry and Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2017 Jan-Mar;59(1):111-118. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.204444.
This paper presents a systematic review on the effectiveness of prevention, early intervention, and harm reduction including treatment of substance abuse among adolescents for tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs. Taxation, public consumption bans, restriction on advertisements, and minimum legal age for consumption, are effective measures to reduce the use of tobacco and alcohol. School-based prevention and skill-training interventions are effective tools to reduce substance use among adolescents. Social norms and intervention to reduce substance use in adolescents do not have strong evidence of effectiveness. Road-side testing and reduction of injection related harm are effective. However, further research is needed to support it. Moreover, the available research evidence comes from the Western countries with questionable applicability in Indian setting. Research is needed to increase the evidence base on interventions that aim to reduce the high burden of substance use in adolescents in India.
本文对预防、早期干预和减少伤害（包括青少年烟草、酒精和非法药物滥用的治疗）的有效性进行了系统综述。税收、公共消费禁令、广告限制和最低消费法定年龄是减少烟草和酒精使用的有效措施。基于学校的预防和技能培训干预措施是减少青少年物质使用的有效工具。减少青少年物质使用的社会规范和干预措施缺乏有力的有效性证据。路边检测和减少注射相关伤害是有效的。然而，需要进一步的研究来支持这一点。此外，现有的研究证据来自西方国家，在印度环境中的适用性存疑。需要开展研究以增加旨在减少印度青少年物质使用高负担的干预措施的证据基础。
