Sonohara Fuminori, Inokawa Yoshikuni, Hayashi Masamichi, Kodera Yasuhiro, Nomoto Shuji
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
Department of Surgery, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
Oncol Lett. 2017 May;13(5):3363-3368. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.5912. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, particularly in Asia. Epidemiological and other clinical studies have identified an association between a number of risk factors, including , and GC. A number of studies have also examined genetic changes associated with the development and progression of GC. When considering the clinical significance of the expression of a specific gene, its epigenetic modulation should be considered. Epigenetic modulation appears to be a primary driver of changes in gastric tissue that promotes carcinogenesis and progression of GC and other neoplasms. The role of epigenetic modulation in GC carcinogenesis and progression has been widely studied in recent years. In the present review, recent results of epigenetic modulation associated with GC and their effects on clinical outcome are examined, with particular respect to DNA methylation, histone modulation and non-coding RNA. A number of studies indicate that epigenetic changes in the expression of specific genes critically affect their clinical significance and further study may reveal epigenetic changes as the basis for targeted molecular therapy or novel biomarkers that predict GC prognosis or extension of this often fatal disease.
胃癌（GC）是癌症相关死亡的主要原因，在亚洲尤为如此。流行病学和其他临床研究已经确定了包括 在内的多种风险因素与胃癌之间的关联。许多研究还研究了与胃癌发生和发展相关的基因变化。在考虑特定基因表达的临床意义时，应考虑其表观遗传调控。表观遗传调控似乎是胃组织变化的主要驱动因素，促进了胃癌及其他肿瘤的致癌作用和进展。近年来，表观遗传调控在胃癌致癌作用和进展中的作用已得到广泛研究。在本综述中，研究了与胃癌相关的表观遗传调控的最新结果及其对临床结局的影响，特别关注DNA甲基化、组蛋白调控和非编码RNA。多项研究表明，特定基因表达的表观遗传变化严重影响其临床意义，进一步的研究可能揭示表观遗传变化是靶向分子治疗或预测胃癌预后的新型生物标志物的基础，或者是这种常致命疾病的扩展。
