Hoch Matthew, Sandage Mary J
Department of Music Auburn University Auburn, Alabama.
Department of Communication Disorders, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
J Voice. 2018 Jan;32(1):79-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.018. Epub 2017 May 19.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESES: Principles from exercise science literature were applied to singing warm-up pedagogy as a method for examining parallels between athletic and voice training. Analysis of the use of exercise principles in vocal warm-up should illuminate aspects of voice training that may be further developed in the future.
METHODS/DESIGN: A selected canon of standard voice pedagogy texts and well-regarded warm-up methods were evaluated for use of exercise science principles for skill acquisition and fatigue resistance. Exercises were then categorized according to whether they were used for the purpose of skill acquisition (specificity), training up to tasks (overload), or detraining (reversibility).
A preliminary review of well-established voice pedagogy programs reveals a strong bias toward the skill acquisition aspects of vocal warm-up, with little commentary on the fatigue management aspects. Further, the small number of vocalises examined that are not skill-acquisition oriented fall into a third "habilitative" category that likewise does not relate to overload but may play a role in offsetting reversibility.
Although a systematic pedagogy for skill acquisition has emerged in the literature and practice of voice pedagogy, a parallel pedagogy for fatigue management has yet to be established. Identification of a systematic pedagogy for training up to specific singing genres and development of a singing maintenance program to avoid detraining may help the singer avoid injury.
目标/假设：运动科学文献中的原理被应用于歌唱热身教学法，作为一种检验运动训练与嗓音训练之间相似性的方法。对声乐热身中运动原理使用情况的分析应能阐明嗓音训练中未来可能进一步发展的方面。
方法/设计：对一系列选定的标准声乐教学法文本和备受推崇的热身方法进行评估，看其在技能习得和抗疲劳方面对运动科学原理的运用情况。然后根据练习的目的将其分类，即是否用于技能习得（特异性）、任务训练（超负荷）或去训练（可逆性）。
对成熟的声乐教学法课程的初步回顾显示，声乐热身在技能习得方面存在强烈偏向，而对疲劳管理方面的论述较少。此外，少数非技能习得导向的练声曲属于第三个“适应性”类别，同样与超负荷无关，但可能在抵消可逆性方面发挥作用。
尽管在声乐教学法的文献和实践中已经出现了一种系统的技能习得教学法，但尚未建立起一种与之并行的疲劳管理教学法。确定针对特定歌唱类型的系统训练教学法以及制定避免去训练的歌唱维持计划，可能有助于歌手避免受伤。
