Horvath E
St. Michael's Hospital, Department of Pathology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pathol Res Pract. 1988 Sep;183(5):623-5. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(88)80026-8.
The morphologic study of a large number of human pituitary tissues provided conclusive evidence that hyperplasia of various adenohypophysial cell types exists. These rare lesions may serve as the underlying cause of pituitary hypersecretory syndromes. The non-neoplastic proliferation of adenohypophysial cell types may be secondary to orthotopic or ectopic oversecretion of hypothalamic regulatory peptides, such as GRH, CRH, TRH and GnRH, disturbances of dopaminergic regulation or iatrogenic factors. Histologically, adenohypophysial hyperplasia may be diffuse or nodular. The former type does not result in major alterations in pituitary architecture and may be impossible to recognize in small surgical specimens. The latter type is associated with enlargement of pituitary acini. Examination of the reticulin network, using silver staining techniques, represents useful tools in the differential diagnosis. The possible emergence of adenoma on the grounds of hyperplasia is discussed.
对大量人体垂体组织进行的形态学研究提供了确凿证据，表明存在各种腺垂体细胞类型的增生。这些罕见病变可能是垂体分泌亢进综合征的潜在病因。腺垂体细胞类型的非肿瘤性增殖可能继发于下丘脑调节肽（如生长激素释放激素、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、促甲状腺激素释放激素和促性腺激素释放激素）的原位或异位分泌过多、多巴胺能调节紊乱或医源性因素。在组织学上，腺垂体增生可为弥漫性或结节性。前一种类型不会导致垂体结构的重大改变，在小手术标本中可能无法识别。后一种类型与垂体腺泡增大有关。使用银染色技术检查网状纤维网络是鉴别诊断的有用工具。文中讨论了基于增生可能出现腺瘤的情况。
