Kourie Hampig Raphael, Tabchi Samer, Ghosn Marwan
Hampig Raphael Kourie, Samer Tabchi, Marwan Ghosn, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 166830, Lebanon.
World J Gastroenterol. 2017 May 7;23(17):3017-3021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i17.3017.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent revolutionary anti-cancer agents, being rapidly approved in different malignancies and settings. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a wide variety of tumors with specific characteristics and different responses to various therapeutic alternatives; while some are chemo-sensitive others are chemo-resistant and only respond to more aggressive cytotoxic regimens, targeted therapies or a combination of both. Preliminary results of immune checkpoint inhibitors in some GI cancers are promising, namely in hepatocellular carcinoma, anal cancers and microsatellite instability high colorectal cancers. An impressive instead of a impressive number of immune checkpoint inhibitors are being evaluated in different indications in GI cancers as single agents or in combination with other agents. We reported in this paper ongoing and published trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma and biliary tract cancers, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and anal cancers and we discussed the future perspectives of these agents in GI cancers.
免疫检查点抑制剂是具有革命性的抗癌药物，已在不同的恶性肿瘤和治疗环境中迅速获批。胃肠道（GI）癌症是一大类具有特定特征且对各种治疗方案反应不同的肿瘤；有些对化疗敏感，而有些则对化疗耐药，仅对更激进的细胞毒性方案、靶向治疗或两者联合有反应。免疫检查点抑制剂在某些胃肠道癌症中的初步结果很有前景，特别是在肝细胞癌、肛管癌和微卫星高度不稳定的结直肠癌中。令人印象深刻的是，大量免疫检查点抑制剂正在胃肠道癌症的不同适应症中作为单一药物或与其他药物联合进行评估。我们在本文中报告了正在进行的和已发表的评估免疫检查点抑制剂在肝细胞癌和胆管癌、食管癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌和肛管癌中的试验，并讨论了这些药物在胃肠道癌症中的未来前景。
