Gauthier Jérémy, Drezen Jean-Michel, Herniou Elisabeth A
Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte,CNRS UMR 7261,Université François-Rabelais de Tours,UFR Sciences et Techniques,37200 Tours,France.
Parasitology. 2018 May;145(6):713-723. doi: 10.1017/S0031182017000725. Epub 2017 May 23.
Several lineages of endoparasitoid wasps, which develop inside the body of other insects, have domesticated viruses, used as delivery tools of essential virulence factors for the successful development of their progeny. Virus domestications are major evolutionary transitions in highly diverse parasitoid wasps. Much progress has recently been made to characterize the nature of these ancestrally captured endogenous viruses that have evolved within the wasp genomes. Virus domestication from different viral families occurred at least three times in parasitoid wasps. This evolutionary convergence led to different strategies. Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are viral gene transfer agents and virus-like particles of the wasp Venturia canescens deliver proteins. Here, we take the standpoint of parasitoid wasps to review current knowledge on virus domestications by different parasitoid lineages. Then, based on genomic data from parasitoid wasps, PDVs and exogenous viruses, we discuss the different evolutionary steps required to transform viruses into vehicles for the delivery of the virulence molecules that we observe today. Finally, we discuss how endoparasitoid wasps manipulate host physiology and ensure parasitism success, to highlight the possible advantages of viral domestication as compared with other virulence strategies.
几种内寄生蜂谱系在其他昆虫体内发育，它们已经驯化了病毒，用作其后代成功发育所需的关键毒力因子的传递工具。病毒驯化是高度多样化的寄生蜂中的重大进化转变。最近在表征这些在黄蜂基因组内进化的祖传捕获的内源性病毒的性质方面取得了很大进展。来自不同病毒家族的病毒驯化在寄生蜂中至少发生了三次。这种进化趋同导致了不同的策略。多DNA病毒（PDV）是病毒基因传递因子，甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂的病毒样颗粒可传递蛋白质。在这里，我们从寄生蜂的角度回顾了不同寄生蜂谱系对病毒驯化的现有知识。然后，基于寄生蜂、PDV和外源病毒的基因组数据，我们讨论了将病毒转化为如今我们所观察到的毒力分子传递载体所需的不同进化步骤。最后，我们讨论内寄生蜂如何操纵宿主生理并确保寄生成功，以突出与其他毒力策略相比病毒驯化可能具有的优势。
