Escobedo-Hinojosa Wendy, Pardo-López Liliana
Consorcio de Investigación del Golfo de México (CIGoM). Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, Mexico.
Pathog Dis. 2017 Jul 31;75(5). doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftx058.
Little is known about the diversity of bacteria in the Southwestern Gulf of Mexico. The aim of the study illustrated in this perspective was to search for the presence of bacterial pathogens in this ecosystem, using metagenomic data recently generated by the Mexican research group known as the Gulf of Mexico Research Consortium. Several genera of bacteria annotated as pathogens were detected in water and sediment marine samples. As expected, native and ubiquitous pathogenic bacteria genera such as Burkolderia, Halomonas, Pseudomonas, Shewanella and Vibrio were highly represented. Surprisingly, non-native genera of public health concern were also detected, including Borrelia, Ehrlichia, Leptospira, Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Treponema. While there are no previous metagenomics studies of this environment, the potential influences of natural, anthropogenic and ecological factors on the diversity of putative pathogenic bacteria found in it are reviewed. The taxonomic annotation herein reported provides a starting point for an improved understanding of bacterial biodiversity in the Southwestern Gulf of Mexico. It also represents a useful tool in public health as it may help identify infectious diseases associated with exposure to marine water and ingestion of fish or shellfish, and thus may be useful in predicting and preventing waterborne disease outbreaks.
关于墨西哥湾西南部细菌的多样性，人们了解甚少。本观点阐述的研究目的是利用墨西哥研究团队——墨西哥湾研究联盟最近生成的宏基因组数据，探寻该生态系统中细菌病原体的存在情况。在海水和沉积物海洋样本中检测到了几个被注释为病原体的细菌属。不出所料，本地常见的致病细菌属，如伯克霍尔德菌属、嗜盐单胞菌属、假单胞菌属、希瓦氏菌属和弧菌属，占比很高。令人惊讶的是，还检测到了一些涉及公共卫生的非本地细菌属，包括疏螺旋体属、埃立克体属、钩端螺旋体属、分枝杆菌属、支原体属、沙门氏菌属、葡萄球菌属、链球菌属和密螺旋体属。虽然此前没有针对该环境的宏基因组学研究，但本文回顾了自然、人为和生态因素对其中发现的假定致病细菌多样性的潜在影响。本文报告的分类注释为增进对墨西哥湾西南部细菌生物多样性的理解提供了一个起点。它也是公共卫生领域的一个有用工具，因为它可能有助于识别与接触海水以及食用鱼类或贝类相关的传染病，从而可能有助于预测和预防水传播疾病的爆发。
