Choukem Simeon-Pierre, Kengne André-Pascal, Nguefack Maxime-Leolein, Mboue-Djieka Yannick, Nebongo Daniel, Guimezap Jackson T, Mbanya Jean Claude
Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O. Box 4856, Douala, Buea, Cameroon.
Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network, Douala, Cameroon.
BMC Public Health. 2017 May 23;17(1):499. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4449-7.
Obesity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is growing rapidly globally including in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed to assess the trend in adiposity markers in Cameroonian university students, and investigated their associations with hypertension.
From 2009 to 2012, we annually measured weight, height, blood pressure, waist (WC) and hip circumferences, and calculated the body mass index (BMI) and other indices of adiposity in consecutive students aged 18 years or above, during their registration. Time-trends in prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated, and their associations with prevalent hypertension investigated.
Among the 2726 participants, the overall prevalence of obesity, overweight and obesity combined, and hypertension was 3.5%, 21.0% and 6.3% respectively. From 2009 to 2012, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in men only, from 13.1% to 20.9% (p-trend = 0.002), whereas prevalent abdominal obesity increased in women only, from 6.5% to 11.7% (p-trend = 0.027). The BMI and the WC were independent predictors of hypertension; each kg/m higher BMI was associated with 11% higher odds of hypertension, and each centimeter higher WC was associated with 9% higher odds of hypertension.
Our results show that overweight and obesity are rapidly increasing in this population of young sub-Saharan African adults, and are contributing to an increasing burden of hypertension.
肥胖是非传染性疾病（NCDs）的主要危险因素，并且在全球范围内，包括撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），正迅速增加。我们旨在评估喀麦隆大学生肥胖指标的趋势，并调查它们与高血压的关联。
从2009年至2012年，我们在连续的18岁及以上学生注册期间，每年测量体重、身高、血压、腰围（WC）和臀围，并计算体重指数（BMI）和其他肥胖指标。估计超重和肥胖患病率的时间趋势，并调查它们与高血压患病率的关联。
在2726名参与者中，肥胖、超重和肥胖合并以及高血压的总体患病率分别为3.5%、21.0%和6.3%。从2009年到2012年，仅男性超重和肥胖患病率从13.1%增加到20.9%（p趋势=0.002），而仅女性腹型肥胖患病率从6.5%增加到11.7%（p趋势=0.027）。BMI和WC是高血压的独立预测因素；BMI每增加1kg/m²，高血压患病几率增加11%，WC每增加1厘米，高血压患病几率增加9%。
我们的结果表明，在撒哈拉以南非洲年轻成年人这一人群中，超重和肥胖正在迅速增加，并导致高血压负担日益加重。
