在埃塞俄比亚公立医院接受治疗的艾滋病病毒暴露婴儿中，婴儿喂养咨询和知识是产前喂养的关键决定因素。
Infant feeding counseling and knowledge are the key determinants of prelacteal feeding among HIV exposed infants attending public hospitals in Ethiopia.
作者信息
Yenit Melaku Kindie, Genetu Haregewoyn, Tariku Amare
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Gondar University Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Arch Public Health. 2017 May 22;75:23. doi: 10.1186/s13690-017-0191-y. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Despite the fact that breastfeeding promotes optimal health and growth for infants and young children, inappropriate feeding practice, such as prelacteal feeding increases the risk of neonatal death and illness and remains a public health problem in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors among HIV positive mothers with children aged 7-20 months attending government hospitals in North Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2016, at public hospitals of North Gondar Zone. Three hundred sixty-seven HIV positive mothers attending PMTCT clinics in government hospitals during the study period were included in the study. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with prelacteal feeding. The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to show the strength of association, and variables with a -value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
In this study, the overall prevalence of prelacteal feeding was 19.1% (95% CI: 15-23). According to the multivariate analysis, prelacteal feeding was associated with fathers with no formal education (AOR = 5.85; 95% CI: 2.02, 16.92), lack of infant feeding counseling (AOR = 3.36; 95% CI: 1.27, 8.85), discarding the colostrum (AOR = 5.16; 95% CI: 2.32, 11.45), inadequacy of antenatal care visit (AOR = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.15), and high IYCF knowledge (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.30).
CONCLUSION
In this study, the prevalence of prelacteal feeding was high. Furthermore, father's education, colostrum feeding, infant feeding counseling, ANC visit, and IYCF knowledge were significantly associated with prelacteal feeding. As a result, strengthening maternal health care utilization, breastfeeding counseling, and IYCF knowledge are essential to address the high burden of prelacteal feeding.
背景
尽管母乳喂养对婴幼儿的健康和成长最为有利，但不恰当的喂养行为，如开奶前喂养，会增加新生儿死亡和患病风险，在埃塞俄比亚仍是一个公共卫生问题。因此，本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔北区政府医院中，7至20个月大儿童的艾滋病毒阳性母亲的开奶前喂养患病率及相关因素。
方法
2016年2月至3月，在贡德尔北区的公立医院开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究纳入了在研究期间到政府医院的预防母婴传播诊所就诊的367名艾滋病毒阳性母亲。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来调查与开奶前喂养相关的因素。校正比值比（AOR）及相应的95%置信区间（CI）用于显示关联强度，P值<0.05的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
本研究中，开奶前喂养的总体患病率为19.1%（95%CI：15-23）。根据多因素分析，开奶前喂养与未接受过正规教育的父亲（AOR = 5.85；95%CI：2.02，16.92）、缺乏婴儿喂养咨询（AOR = 3.36；95%CI：1.27，8.85）、丢弃初乳（AOR = 5.16；95%CI：2.32，11.45）、产前检查不足（AOR = 0.07；95%CI：0.03，0.15）以及较高的婴幼儿喂养与儿童食品安全知识水平（AOR = 0.10；95%CI：0.03，0.30）相关。
结论
本研究中，开奶前喂养的患病率较高。此外，父亲的教育程度、初乳喂养、婴儿喂养咨询、产前检查以及婴幼儿喂养与儿童食品安全知识水平与开奶前喂养显著相关。因此，加强孕产妇医疗保健利用、母乳喂养咨询以及婴幼儿喂养与儿童食品安全知识水平对于应对开奶前喂养的高负担至关重要。
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