Travers Colm P, Carlo Wally A
Neonatology. 2017;111(4):431-436. doi: 10.1159/000460512. Epub 2017 May 25.
Despite major improvements in reducing childhood mortality worldwide, over 5 million pregnancies per year end in stillbirths or neonatal deaths. The vast majority of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Many of these deaths are preventable with readily available evidence-based care practices. This review focuses on educational programs developed to reduce preventable deaths in newborn infants in low- and middle-income countries, including Essential Newborn Care and Helping Babies Breathe, a simplified version of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program. Innovative pragmatic large-scale trials conducted in the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research of the National Institutes of Health in the USA have evaluated these programs in low-resource settings. The results of these studies and the implications for future programs designed to decrease childhood mortality are reviewed.
尽管全球在降低儿童死亡率方面取得了重大进展，但每年仍有超过500万例妊娠以死产或新生儿死亡告终。这些死亡绝大多数发生在低收入和中等收入国家。其中许多死亡可以通过现有的循证护理措施预防。本综述聚焦于为降低低收入和中等收入国家新生儿可预防死亡而制定的教育项目，包括基本新生儿护理以及《帮助婴儿呼吸》（新生儿复苏项目的简化版）。美国国立卫生研究院全球妇女和儿童健康研究网络开展的创新性实用大规模试验，已在资源匮乏地区对这些项目进行了评估。本文综述了这些研究结果以及对未来旨在降低儿童死亡率项目的启示。
