Hukkanen Esa, Häkkinen Keijo
Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Jun;31(6):1563-1568. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001885.
Seven, male, national-level boxers (age, 20.3 ± 2.7 years; height, 1.80 ± 0.06 m; mass, 73.8 ± 11.1 kg) participated in this study to investigate the effects of sparring on reaction time and punch force of straight punches measured during the precompetition and competition periods. Heart rate and blood lactate concentrations were also monitored. Sparring load was chosen in accordance with the current rules: 3 × 3-minute bouts with 1-minute break in between. Reaction time of rear straight lengthened (p < 0.01) during the sparring load of the precompetition period after the third round (to 390 milliseconds) in comparison to the competition period (to 310 milliseconds). Reaction time of lead straight lengthened (p ≤ 0.05) between the first and third round during the precompetition with no differences during the competition period. Both rear and lead straight punch forces were greater at all measurement points during the precompetition compared with the competition period. Punch forces increased for both rear and lead straight between the first and third rounds with the highest forces after third round during the precompetition (rear straight, 209 kg) and competition (rear straight, 176 kg) periods. Blood lactate levels increased after every round during both periods being at its greatest after the third round (17 mmol·L during the precompetition and 13 mmol·L during the competition period). The present sparring-induced differences in reaction time and punch forces of straight punches during the precompetition compared with the competition period may be the result of different volume and intensity of training with different goals in boxing-specific and explosive strength training.
七名男性国家级拳击运动员（年龄20.3±2.7岁；身高1.80±0.06米；体重73.8±11.1千克）参与了本研究，以调查实战对赛前和比赛期间直拳反应时间和打击力量的影响。同时还监测了心率和血乳酸浓度。实战负荷根据现行规则选择：3回合，每回合3分钟，中间休息1分钟。与比赛期间（310毫秒）相比，赛前第三回合实战负荷后，后手直拳的反应时间延长（p<0.01）（至390毫秒）。赛前第一回合和第三回合之间，前手直拳的反应时间延长（p≤0.05），比赛期间无差异。与比赛期间相比，赛前所有测量点的后手和前手直拳力量都更大。赛前和比赛期间，第一回合和第三回合之间，后手和前手直拳的力量都增加，赛前第三回合后力量最大（后手直拳，209千克），比赛期间（后手直拳，176千克）。两个阶段每回合后血乳酸水平都升高，第三回合后最高（赛前17毫摩尔·升，比赛期间13毫摩尔·升）。与比赛期间相比，赛前实战导致的直拳反应时间和打击力量差异，可能是拳击专项和爆发力训练中不同目标的训练量和强度不同所致。
