From the Boston University School of Medicine (L.A., T. Dechert, S.R.R.), Boston, Massachusetts; UF College of Medicine (M.C.), Jacksonville, Florida; Carolinas Health Care (A.C.); University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center/Parkland (A.E.), Dallas, Texas; Ventura County Medical Center (T. Duncan), Ventura, California; and Reading Healthcare System (S.F.), West Reading, Pennsylvania.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018 Jan;84(1):31-36. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001589.
The National Center for Statistics and Analysis reports at least eight deaths and 1,160 daily injuries due to distracted driving (DD) in the United States. Drivers younger than 20 years are most likely to incur a distraction-related fatal crash. We aimed to determine short- and long-term impact of a multimodal educational program including student-developed interventions, simulated driving experiences, and presentations by law enforcement and medical personnel.
A single-day program aimed at teen DD prevention was conducted at a high school targeting students aged 15 years to 19 years old. Students were surveyed before, after, and at 6 weeks. We surveyed age, gender, knowledge, and experience regarding DD. Summary statistics were obtained at each survey time point. Bivariate and multivariable analysis were conducted to assess whether change in responses varied over time points. Multivariable models were adjusted for sex and urban and rural driving.
Preintervention, postintervention, and 6-week follow-up surveys were completed by 359, 272 (76%), and 331 (92%) students, respectively. At baseline and 6-week follow-up, the most frequent passenger-reported DD behaviors were cell phone (63% [63% at follow-up) and radio use (61% [63%]). Similarly, the most frequent driver-reported DD behaviors were cell phone (68% [72%]) and radio use (79% [80%]). When students were asked, "How likely are you to use your cell phone while driving?" they answered "never" 35%, 70%, and 46% on the preintervention, postintervention, and 6-week surveys. They were less likely to report consequences to be worse or change in attitude to a great extent at 6 weeks (p < 0.01). Gender and urban or rural driving were not significantly associated with responses.
While DD education may facilitate short-term knowledge and attitude changes, there appears to be no lasting effect. Research should be focused toward strategies for longer-term impact.
Therapeutic study, level II.
美国国家统计与分析中心报告称，全美因分心驾驶（DD）导致至少 8 人死亡，1160 人每日受伤。20 岁以下的司机最有可能发生与分心相关的致命撞车事故。我们旨在确定一种包括学生自主干预、模拟驾驶体验以及执法和医疗人员演示的多模式教育计划的短期和长期影响。
在一所高中针对 15 至 19 岁的学生进行了为期一天的预防青少年 DD 计划。学生在干预前、干预后和 6 周后进行了调查。我们调查了他们的年龄、性别、与 DD 相关的知识和经验。在每个调查时间点都获得了汇总统计数据。进行了单变量和多变量分析，以评估反应是否随时间点而变化。多变量模型根据性别和城乡驾驶进行了调整。
分别有 359、272（76%）和 331（92%）名学生完成了干预前、干预后和 6 周随访调查。在基线和 6 周随访时，最常见的乘客报告的 DD 行为是使用手机（63%[63%在随访时]和使用收音机（61%[63%]）。同样，最常见的驾驶员报告的 DD 行为是使用手机（68%[72%]）和使用收音机（79%[80%]）。当学生被问到“你在开车时使用手机的可能性有多大？”他们在干预前、干预后和 6 周调查中分别回答“从不”的比例为 35%、70%和 46%。他们在 6 周时报告后果更糟或态度发生重大改变的可能性较小（p<0.01）。性别和城乡驾驶与反应无显著相关性。
尽管 DD 教育可能会促进短期的知识和态度改变，但似乎没有持久的效果。研究应侧重于更长期的影响策略。
治疗性研究，二级。
