Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, Taiwan, 701.
Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2018 Apr;25(2):596-604. doi: 10.3758/s13423-017-1305-9.
The other-race effect refers to the difficulty of discriminating between faces from ethnic and racial groups other than one's own. This effect may be caused by a slow, feature-by-feature, analytic process, whereas the discrimination of own-race faces occurs faster and more holistically. However, this distinction has received inconsistent support. To provide a critical test, we employed Systems Factorial Technology (Townsend & Nozawa in Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 39, 321-359, 1995), which is a powerful tool for analyzing the organization of mental networks underlying perceptual processes. We compared Taiwanese participants' face discriminations of both own-race (Taiwanese woman) and other-race (Caucasian woman) faces according to the faces' nose-to-mouth separation and eye-to-eye separation. We found evidence for weak holistic processing (parallel processing) coupled with the strong analytic property of a self-terminating stopping rule for own-race faces, in contrast to strong analytic processing (serial self-terminating processing) for other-race faces, supporting the holistic/analytic hypothesis.
异族效应是指辨别自己所属种族以外的种族或民族的面孔的困难。这种效应可能是由于缓慢的、逐个特征的分析过程引起的，而对本族面孔的辨别则更快、更整体。然而，这种区别并没有得到一致的支持。为了进行批判性的检验，我们采用了系统因素技术（Townsend & Nozawa 在《数学心理学杂志》，39，321-359，1995 年），这是一种分析感知过程中心理网络组织的强大工具。我们根据面孔的鼻口距离和眼距，比较了台湾参与者对本族（台湾女性）和异族（白种女性）面孔的面孔辨别能力。我们发现，与异族面孔相比，本族面孔存在较弱的整体处理（并行处理）和自终止停止规则的强分析特性，而异族面孔则存在强分析处理（串行自终止处理），支持整体/分析假说。
