Janić Hajnal Elizabet, Kos Jovana, Krulj Jelena, Krstović Saša, Jajić Igor, Pezo Lato, Šarić Bojana, Nedeljković Nataša
a Institute of Food Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia.
b Faculty of Agriculture , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2017 Nov;34(11):1999-2010. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1331047. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
In recent years climate changes recorded in temperate regions of Europe have led to aflatoxin (AF) contamination of maize. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of weather conditions on levels of aflatoxin B (AFB1), aflatoxin B (AFB2), aflatoxin G (AFG1) and aflatoxin G (AFG2) in 180 maize samples collected from the main maize-growing regions (Western Bačka, North Banat, South Banat and Central Serbia) in Serbia after harvest in 2015. The concentrations of AFs were determined by a validated HPLC method with post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The presence of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 was detected in 57.2%, 13.9%, 5.6% and 2.8% of maize samples in the concentration ranges of 1.3-88.8 µg kg, 0.60-2.8 µg kg, 1.8-28.5 µg kg and 2.1-7.5 µg kg respectively. The recorded smaller amount of precipitation and especially higher air temperatures during the summer of 2015 were favourable for AF production, which resulted in 32.2% and 21.1% of samples being unsuitable for human consumption, since AFB1 and the sum of AFs concentrations were above 5.0 and 10.0 µg kg respectively. Furthermore, the findings in this study indicate that the microclimate conditions in the investigated regions had a great influence on the contamination frequency of maize with AFs. The highest percentage of samples unsuitable for human consumption, considering both AFB1 and total AFs content were 72.5% and 51.5% respectively from Central Serbia, whilst the lowest percentages of 15.6% and 6.2% respectively were found in Western Bačka. These findings confirmed that maize should be continuously monitored in order to protect human and animal health from the harmful effects caused by AFs contamination.
近年来，欧洲温带地区记录的气候变化导致玉米受到黄曲霉毒素（AF）污染。因此，本研究的目的是调查天气条件对2015年收获后从塞尔维亚主要玉米种植区（西巴奇卡、北巴纳特、南巴纳特和塞尔维亚中部）采集的180份玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B（AFB1）、黄曲霉毒素B（AFB2）、黄曲霉毒素G（AFG1）和黄曲霉毒素G（AFG2）水平的影响。通过经过验证的柱后衍生化和荧光检测的高效液相色谱法（HPLC-FLD）测定AFs的浓度。在57.2%、13.9%、5.6%和2.8%的玉米样品中分别检测到AFB1、AFB2、AFG1和AFG2，其浓度范围分别为1.3 - 88.8 μg/kg、0.60 - 2.8 μg/kg、1.8 - 28.5 μg/kg和2.1 - 7.5 μg/kg。2015年夏季记录的降水量较少，尤其是气温较高，有利于AF的产生，这导致32.2%和21.1%的样品不适于人类食用，因为AFB1和AFs浓度总和分别高于5.0和10.0 μg/kg。此外，本研究结果表明，调查区域的小气候条件对玉米受AFs污染频率有很大影响。考虑到AFB1和总AFs含量，分别来自塞尔维亚中部的不适于人类食用的样品最高百分比分别为72.5%和51.5%，而在西巴奇卡分别发现最低百分比为15.6%和6.2%。这些结果证实，为保护人类和动物健康免受AFs污染造成的有害影响，应持续监测玉米。
