Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease (NFOC-SALUT) group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Oct;61(10). doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201600932. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
Low paraoxonase (PON)1 activities, and high PON1 and low PON3 protein levels are characteristic of cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to assess short- and long-term effects of virgin olive oils (VOO), enriched with their own phenolic compounds (PC; FVOO) or with them plus complementary PC from thyme (FVOOT), on PON-related variables and the mechanisms involved.
Two randomized, controlled, double-blind, and crossover interventions were conducted. In an acute intake study, participants ingested three FVOOs differing in PC content. In a sustained intake study, participants ingested a control VOO and two different FVOOs with the same PC content but differing in PC source. Acute and sustained intake of VOO and FVOO decreased PON1 protein and increased PON1-associated specific activities, while FVOOT yielded opposite results. PON3 protein levels increased only after sustained consumption of VOO. Mechanistic studies performed in rat livers showed that intake of isolated PC from VOO and from thyme modulate mitogen-activated protein kinases and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors regulating PON synthesis, while a combination of these PCs cancels such regulation.
This study reveals that the intake of phenol-enriched FVOOs modulates oxidative balance by modifying PON-related variables according to PC content and source, and this modulation can be perceived as beneficial.
低对氧磷酶 (PON)1 活性以及高 PON1 和低 PON3 蛋白水平是心血管疾病的特征。我们的目的是评估特级初榨橄榄油（VOO）及其自身酚类化合物（FVOO）或与百里香补充酚类化合物（FVOOT）的短期和长期对 PON 相关变量及其涉及的机制的影响。
进行了两项随机、对照、双盲和交叉干预研究。在急性摄入研究中，参与者摄入了三种含有不同酚类化合物含量的 FVOO。在持续摄入研究中，参与者摄入了一种对照 VOO 和两种含有相同酚类化合物但来源不同的不同 FVOO。VOO 和 FVOO 的急性和持续摄入降低了 PON1 蛋白并增加了 PON1 相关的特异性活性，而 FVOOT 则产生了相反的结果。只有在持续摄入 VOO 后，PON3 蛋白水平才会增加。在大鼠肝脏中进行的机制研究表明，从 VOO 和百里香中摄取的分离酚类化合物可调节调节 PON 合成的丝裂原激活蛋白激酶和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体，而这些 PC 的组合则取消了这种调节。
本研究表明，摄入富含酚类的 FVOO 根据 PC 含量和来源调节 PON 相关变量，从而调节氧化平衡，这种调节可以被认为是有益的。
