Martín-Peláez Sandra, Castañer Olga, Solà Rosa, Motilva María José, Castell Margarida, Pérez-Cano Francisco José, Fitó Montserrat
Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, REGICOR Study Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBER), Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
Nutrients. 2016 Apr 11;8(4):213. doi: 10.3390/nu8040213.
Olive oil (OO) phenolic compounds (PC) are able to influence gut microbial populations and metabolic output. Our aim was to investigate whether these compounds and changes affect the mucosal immune system. In a randomized, controlled, double blind cross-over human trial, for three weeks, preceded by two-week washout periods, 10 hypercholesterolemic participants ingested 25 mL/day of three raw virgin OO differing in their PC concentration and origin: (1) an OO containing 80 mg PC/kg (VOO); (2) a PC-enriched OO containing 500 mg PC/kg from OO (FVOO); and (3) a PC-enriched OO containing a mixture of 500 mg PC/kg from OO and thyme (1:1, FVOOT). Intestinal immunity (fecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgA-coated bacteria) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and calprotectin) was analyzed. The ingestion of high amounts of OO PC, as contained in FVOO, tended to increase the proportions of IgA-coated bacteria and increased plasma levels of CRP. However, lower amounts of OO PC (VOO) and the combination of two PC sources (FVOOT) did not show significant effects on the variables investigated. Results indicate a potential stimulation of the immune system with very high doses of OO PC, which should be further investigated.
橄榄油（OO）中的酚类化合物（PC）能够影响肠道微生物种群和代谢产物。我们的目的是研究这些化合物及其变化是否会影响黏膜免疫系统。在一项随机、对照、双盲交叉人体试验中，10名高胆固醇血症参与者在为期三周的时间里，每天摄入25毫升三种不同PC浓度和来源的初榨生橄榄油，试验前有两周的洗脱期：（1）一种每千克含80毫克PC的橄榄油（VOO）；（2）一种每千克含500毫克PC的富含PC的橄榄油（FVOO）；（3）一种每千克含500毫克PC的来自橄榄油和百里香混合物（1:1）的富含PC的橄榄油（FVOOT）。分析了肠道免疫指标（粪便免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和IgA包被细菌）以及炎症标志物（C反应蛋白（CRP）、粪便白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）和钙卫蛋白）。摄入FVOO中所含的大量OO PC往往会增加IgA包被细菌的比例，并提高血浆CRP水平。然而，较低量的OO PC（VOO）以及两种PC来源的组合（FVOOT）对所研究的变量没有显著影响。结果表明，非常高剂量的OO PC可能会刺激免疫系统，这一点应进一步研究。
