Herbaut Alexis, Chavet Pascale, Roux Maxime, Guéguen Nils, Barbier Franck, Simoneau-Buessinger Emilie
Laboratoire d'Automatique, de Mécanique, et d'Informatique industrielles et Humaines (LAMIH) - UMR CNRS 8201, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC), Valenciennes, France; SportsLab, Decathlon, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
Institut des Sciences du Mouvement (ISM) - UMR CNRS 7287, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Gait Posture. 2017 Jul;56:123-128. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 May 17.
Athletic children are prone to overuse injuries, especially at the heel and knee. Since footwear is an extrinsic factor of lower limb injury risk, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of shoe aging on children running biomechanics. Fourteen children active in sports participated in a laboratory biomechanical evaluation. A new pair of shoes was provided to each participant at an inclusion visit. Four months later, the participants performed a running task and their kinematics and kinetics were assessed both with their used shoes and with a new pair of shoes identical to the first. Furthermore, mechanical cushioning properties of shoes were evaluated before and after in-vivo aging. After 4months of use, the sole stiffness increased by 16% and the energy loss capacity decreased by 18% (p<0.001). No ankle or knee kinematic adjustment was found at foot strike in used shoes but changes were observed later during stance. Running with used shoes produced a higher loading rate of the vertical ground reaction force (+23%, p=0.016), suggesting higher compressive forces under the heel and placing children at risk to experience impact-related injuries. Nevertheless, the decreased peak ankle and knee power absorption in used shoes (-11%, p=0.010 and -12%, p=0.029, respectively) suggests a lower ankle and knee joints loading during the absorption phase that may be beneficial regarding stretch-related injuries.
爱运动的儿童容易出现过度使用损伤，尤其是足跟和膝盖部位。由于鞋类是下肢受伤风险的一个外在因素，本研究的目的是评估鞋子老化对儿童跑步生物力学的影响。14名积极参加体育运动的儿童参与了一项实验室生物力学评估。在纳入研究的访视时，为每位参与者提供了一双新鞋。四个月后，参与者进行了一项跑步任务，同时用他们的旧鞋和与第一双相同的一双新鞋对其运动学和动力学进行了评估。此外，还对鞋子在体内老化前后的机械缓冲性能进行了评估。使用4个月后，鞋底硬度增加了16%，能量损失能力下降了18%（p<0.001）。在穿着旧鞋着地时未发现踝关节或膝关节运动学调整，但在站立后期观察到了变化。穿着旧鞋跑步时，垂直地面反作用力的加载率更高（+23%，p=0.016），这表明足跟承受的压缩力更大，使儿童面临与撞击相关损伤的风险。然而，穿着旧鞋时踝关节和膝关节的峰值能量吸收降低（分别为-11%，p=0.010和-12%，p=0.029），这表明在吸收阶段踝关节和膝关节的负荷较低，这可能对与拉伸相关的损伤有益。
