Ortega-Jimenez Victor Manuel, von Rabenau Lisa, Dudley Robert
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
J Exp Biol. 2017 Aug 1;220(Pt 15):2809-2815. doi: 10.1242/jeb.157172. Epub 2017 May 25.
Surface roughness is a ubiquitous phenomenon in both oceanic and terrestrial waters. For insects that live at the air-water interface, such as water striders, non-linear and multi-scale perturbations produce dynamic surface deformations which may impair locomotion. We studied escape jumps of adults, juveniles and first-instar larvae of the water strider on smooth, wave-dominated and bubble-dominated water surfaces. Effects of substrate on takeoff jumps were substantial, with significant reductions in takeoff angles, peak translational speeds, attained heights and power expenditure on more perturbed water surfaces. Age effects were similarly pronounced, with the first-instar larvae experiencing the greatest degradation in performance; age-by-treatment effects were also significant for many kinematic variables. Although commonplace in nature, perturbed water surfaces thus have significant and age-dependent effects on water strider locomotion, and on behavior more generally of surface-dwelling insects.
表面粗糙度在海洋和陆地水域中都是普遍存在的现象。对于生活在空气 - 水界面的昆虫，如水黾，非线性和多尺度扰动会产生动态表面变形，这可能会妨碍其运动。我们研究了水黾成虫、若虫和一龄幼虫在光滑、以波浪为主和以气泡为主的水面上的逃避跳跃。底物对起跳跳跃的影响很大，在扰动更大的水面上，起跳角度、峰值平移速度、达到的高度和能量消耗都显著降低。年龄效应同样明显，一龄幼虫的性能下降最为显著；年龄与处理的交互效应在许多运动学变量上也很显著。因此，尽管在自然界中很常见，但扰动的水面会对水黾的运动以及更广泛地对栖息在水面的昆虫行为产生显著的、与年龄相关的影响。
