Rehman Mujeeb Ur, Zhang Hui, Iqbal Muhammad Kashif, Mehmood Khalid, Huang Shucheng, Nabi Fazul, Luo Houqiang, Lan Yanfang, Li Jiakui
College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People's Republic of China.
University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100 Punjab Pakistan.
Gut Pathog. 2017 Apr 28;9:24. doi: 10.1186/s13099-017-0174-0. eCollection 2017.
Ruminants serve as one of the most important reservoirs for pathogenic Infection with , a foodborne enteropathogen, can lead to asymptomatic infections that can cause life-threatening complications in humans. Therefore, from a clinical and human health perspective, it is important to know which virulence genes, phylogenetic groups, serogroups, and antibiotic resistance patterns are present in strains in yaks with diarrheic infections.
Two-hundred and ninety-two rectal swabs were collected from diarrheic yaks in Qinghai Plateau, China. The antimicrobial sensitivity of each resulting isolate was evaluated according to the disk diffusion method, and different PCR assays were performed for the detection of virulence genes and different phylogroups. Additionally, strains were allocated to different serogroups based on the presence of O antigen via the slide agglutination method.
Among the isolates tested, most of the isolates were multidrug resistant (97%) and harbored at least one virulence gene (100%). We observed ten virulence genes (, and ), of which was the most commonly found (96.9%). Significant positive associations between some resistance phenotypes and virulence genes were observed ( < 0.05, OR > 1). The majority of the isolates belonged to phylogroup A (79.5%), and the others belonged to phylogroups B1 (7.5%), D (4.1%), B2 (5.8%), and F (0.7%). Among all the strains tested, serogroups O and O were the most prevalent, accounting for 15.4 and 14.4%, respectively.
Our results suggest that yaks with diarrhea serve as a reservoir of pathogenic carrying various virulence genes and resistance phenotypes. Therefore, clinicians and relevant authorities must ensure the regulatory use of antimicrobial agents and prevent the spread of these organisms through manure to farm workers and food-processing plants.
反刍动物是食源性病原体的重要宿主之一，感染食源性病原体可导致无症状感染，进而在人类中引发危及生命的并发症。因此，从临床和人类健康角度来看，了解腹泻感染牦牛中菌株存在哪些毒力基因、系统发育群、血清群和抗生素耐药模式非常重要。
从中国青藏高原腹泻牦牛中采集了292份直肠拭子。根据纸片扩散法评估每个分离株的抗菌敏感性，并进行不同的PCR检测以检测毒力基因和不同的系统发育群。此外，通过玻片凝集法根据O抗原的存在将菌株分配到不同的血清群。
在所测试的分离株中，大多数分离株具有多重耐药性（97%），并且至少携带一个毒力基因（100%）。我们观察到10个毒力基因（、和），其中最常见（96.9%）。观察到一些耐药表型与毒力基因之间存在显著正相关（<0.05，OR>1）。大多数分离株属于A系统发育群（79.5%），其他分离株属于B1（7.5%）、D（4.1%）、B2（5.8%）和F（0.7%）系统发育群。在所有测试的菌株中，O和O血清群最为普遍，分别占15.4%和14.4%。
我们的结果表明，腹泻牦牛是携带各种毒力基因和耐药表型的病原菌宿主。因此，临床医生和相关当局必须确保抗菌药物的规范使用，并防止这些病原体通过粪便传播给农场工人和食品加工厂。
