Department of Cognitive Processes, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience Laboratory, Madrid, Spain.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;58(4):1201-1215. doi: 10.3233/JAD-161014.
Most research points to the ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene as the most recognizable genetic risk factor associated with Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. It has been also suggested that the APOEɛ4 allele has a negative influence on cognitive functioning, which begins long before cognitive impairment becomes manifest. However, still, little is known about the APOEɛ4 interaction with cognitive intervention programs.
The main goal of this study was to explore whether there was a differential APOE genotype modulation effect after cognitive training in different domains, such as language comprehension, executive functions, and memory. Contrary to other studies, hippocampal volume was controlled for.
Fifty older adults (65+ years; 30 women and 20 men) participated in a multi-domain cognitive training that involved 30 sessions taking place over 12 weeks. Half of the participants were APOEɛ4 carriers. The control group was matched in age, gender, normalized hippocampal volume, cognitive reserve, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Version.
The study revealed that there were consistent treatment benefits in complex sentence comprehension (noncanonical sentences and sentences with two propositions), a domain that was not directly trained, but only in the A POEɛ4 noncarrier group.
Genetic profile modulates training outcomes in sentence comprehension.
大多数研究指出载脂蛋白 E（APOE）基因的ɛ4 等位基因是与阿尔茨海默病发病机制最相关的可识别遗传风险因素。有人还提出，APOEɛ4 等位基因对认知功能有负面影响，这种影响早在认知障碍显现之前就开始了。然而，人们对 APOEɛ4 与认知干预计划的相互作用仍知之甚少。
本研究的主要目的是探讨认知训练是否会在不同的认知领域（如语言理解、执行功能和记忆）产生不同的 APOE 基因型调节效应。与其他研究不同的是，本研究还控制了海马体体积。
50 名老年人（65 岁以上；30 名女性和 20 名男性）参加了一项多领域认知训练，共 30 次，为期 12 周。其中一半参与者为 APOEɛ4 携带者。对照组在年龄、性别、标准化海马体体积、认知储备、简易精神状态检查评分和老年抑郁量表-短版方面与 APOEɛ4 非携带者相匹配。
研究表明，在复杂句子理解（非规范句子和包含两个命题的句子）方面存在一致的治疗益处，而这一领域并未直接接受训练，仅在 APOEɛ4 非携带者组中存在。
遗传特征调节句子理解训练的效果。
