健康老年人记忆训练后记忆测试表现变化的预后因素：系统评价及统计挑战概述
Prognostic factors for change in memory test performance after memory training in healthy older adults: a systematic review and outline of statistical challenges.
作者信息
Roheger Mandy, Folkerts Ann-Kristin, Krohm Fabian, Skoetz Nicole, Kalbe Elke
机构信息
1Department of Medical Psychology | Neuropsychology and Gender Studies & Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 68, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
2Evidence-Based Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
出版信息
Diagn Progn Res. 2020 May 21;4:7. doi: 10.1186/s41512-020-0071-8. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
The goal is to investigate prognostic factors for change in memory test performance in healthy older adults and to report and discuss the different statistical procedures used for investigating this topic in the literature.
METHODS
Prognostic factors were here understood as any measures that were investigated to estimate change in memory test performance. MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, CENTRAL, and PsycInfo were searched up to November 2019. Prognostic factor and prognostic factor finding studies investigating prognostic factors on verbal and non-verbal short- and long-term memory after conducting memory training in healthy older adults were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool.
RESULTS
Our search yielded 12,974 results. We included 29 studies that address prognostic factors of change in memory test performance, including sociodemographic, (neuro-)psychological, genetic, and biological parameters. Studies showed high variation and methodological shortcomings with regard to the assessment, statistical evaluation, and reporting of the investigated prognostic factors. Included studies used different types of dependent variables (change scores vs. post-test scores) when defining change in memory test performance leading to contradictory results. Age was the only variable investigated throughout most of the studies, showing that older adults benefit more from training when using the change score as the dependent variable.
CONCLUSION
Overall, there is a need for adequate reporting in studies of prognostic factors for change in memory test performance. Because of inconsistencies and methodological shortcomings in the literature, conclusions regarding prognostic factors remain uncertain. As a tentative conclusion, one may say that the higher the age of the participant, the more profound the improvement in memory test performance will be after memory training.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
CRD42019127479.
背景
目的是研究健康老年人记忆测试表现变化的预后因素，并报告和讨论文献中用于研究该主题的不同统计程序。
方法
预后因素在此被理解为任何用于估计记忆测试表现变化的测量指标。检索了截至2019年11月的MEDLINE、科学网核心合集、CENTRAL和PsycInfo。纳入了在健康老年人进行记忆训练后，研究言语和非言语短期及长期记忆预后因素及预后因素发现的研究。使用QUIPS工具评估偏倚风险。
结果
我们的检索产生了12974条结果。我们纳入了29项涉及记忆测试表现变化预后因素的研究，包括社会人口统计学、（神经）心理学、遗传和生物学参数。研究在调查的预后因素的评估、统计分析和报告方面显示出高度的差异和方法学缺陷。纳入的研究在定义记忆测试表现变化时使用了不同类型的因变量（变化分数与测试后分数），导致结果相互矛盾。年龄是大多数研究中唯一调查的变量，表明当使用变化分数作为因变量时，老年人从训练中受益更多。
结论
总体而言，记忆测试表现变化预后因素的研究需要充分报告。由于文献中的不一致性和方法学缺陷，关于预后因素的结论仍然不确定。作为一个初步结论，可以说参与者年龄越大，记忆训练后记忆测试表现的改善就越显著。
试验注册
CRD42019127479。
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