Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA.
J Urban Health. 2018 Feb;95(1):61-70. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0156-z.
Residential mobility and type of housing contributes to an individual's likelihood and frequency of drug/alcohol use and committing criminal offenses. Little research has focused simultaneously on the influence of housing status on the use of drugs and criminal behavior. The present study examines how residential mobility (transitions in housing) and recent housing stability (prior 30 days) correlates with self-reported criminal activity and drug/alcohol use among a sample of 504 addicted, treatment-seeking opioid users with a history of criminal justice involvement. Findings suggest that those with a greater number of housing transitions were considerably less likely to self-report criminal activity, and criminal involvement was highest among those who were chronically homeless. Residential mobility was unassociated with days of drug and alcohol use; however, residing in regulated housing (halfway houses and homeless shelters) was associated with a decreased frequency of substance use. The finding that residing at sober-living housing facilities with regulations governing behavior (regulated housing) was associated with a lower likelihood of illicit substance use may suggest that regulated housing settings may influence behavior. Further research in this area should explore how social networks and other related variables moderate the effects of housing type and mobility on crime and substance use.
居住流动性和住房类型会影响个人吸毒/酗酒和犯罪的可能性和频率。很少有研究同时关注住房状况对吸毒和犯罪行为的影响。本研究调查了居住流动性（住房变化）和最近的住房稳定性（过去 30 天）如何与 504 名有犯罪司法记录的成瘾、寻求治疗的阿片类药物使用者报告的犯罪活动和药物/酒精使用相关。研究结果表明，住房变化次数越多，报告犯罪活动的可能性就越小，而长期无家可归者的犯罪率最高。居住流动性与吸毒和饮酒天数无关；然而，居住在监管住房（中途之家和收容所）与减少药物使用频率有关。居住在有行为监管规定的戒酒生活设施（监管住房）与较低的非法物质使用可能性相关的发现表明，监管住房环境可能会影响行为。该领域的进一步研究应探讨社交网络和其他相关变量如何调节住房类型和流动性对犯罪和物质使用的影响。
