Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Başkent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Departments of Pathology, Başkent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Balkan Med J. 2017 Sep 29;34(5):458-463. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2015.1470. Epub 2017 May 29.
After resection, specimens are subjected to formalin fixation during histological processing. This procedure can result in tissue shrinkage, with the amount of shrinkage related to tissue composition and tissue type.
To evaluate the shrinkage of nasal mucosa and cartilage tissue and compare differences in shrinkage after resection, after formalin fixation, and during microscopic examination to understand differences in the rate of shrinkage of different tissue types.
Animal experimentation.
Fresh nasal septa were excised from sheep (10 mm diameter in 40 sheep and 20 mm diameter in 40 sheep). The mucosa was separated from one side of the cartilage, with the contralateral mucosa remaining attached to the cartilage. Specimen diameters were measured in situ, after resection, after fixation for 6 or 24 hours (10% formalin), and during microscopic examination.
There were no differences between the in situ and after resection diameters of any tissue components (free mucosa, mucosa attached to cartilage, and cartilage) of all nasal specimens (10- or 20-mm diameter and 6- or 24-hour fixation). However, significant shrinkage occurred between resection and after-fixation. Regarding tissue specimens that were fixed for different durations (6 or 24 hours), we observed a significantly smaller mean tissue diameter in specimens fixed for 24 hours versus those fixed for 6 hours for mucosa attached to cartilage (in the 10-mm diameter after-fixation samples), free mucosa (in the 20-mm diameter after-fixation samples), mucosa attached to cartilage (in the 20-mm diameter after-fixation and microscopic measurement samples), and cartilage (in the 20-mm diameter after-fixation samples). Tissue shrinkage was greatest in free mucosal tissue and least in cartilage.
These results should be considered when evaluating patients undergoing surgical procedures for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus malignancies. Surgical margins should be measured before fixation or evaluated if possible before fixation and shrinkage.
在组织学处理过程中，标本切除后会进行福尔马林固定。该过程会导致组织收缩，其收缩量与组织成分和组织类型有关。
评估鼻腔黏膜和软骨组织的收缩情况，并比较切除后、福尔马林固定后和显微镜检查过程中的收缩差异，以了解不同组织类型的收缩率差异。
动物实验。
从绵羊中切除新鲜鼻中隔（40 只绵羊的直径为 10mm，40 只绵羊的直径为 20mm）。将一侧的黏膜从软骨上分离下来，另一侧黏膜仍附着在软骨上。在原位、切除后、固定 6 小时或 24 小时（10%福尔马林）以及显微镜检查时测量标本的直径。
所有鼻腔标本（10 或 20mm 直径，6 或 24 小时固定）的任何组织成分（游离黏膜、附着于软骨的黏膜和软骨）的原位和切除后直径均无差异。然而，在切除后和固定后之间出现了显著的收缩。对于固定时间不同（6 小时或 24 小时）的组织标本，我们观察到，固定 24 小时的标本的组织直径明显小于固定 6 小时的标本，对于附着于软骨的黏膜（在固定后 10mm 直径的标本中）、游离黏膜（在固定后 20mm 直径的标本中）、附着于软骨的黏膜（在固定后 20mm 直径和显微镜测量标本中）和软骨（在固定后 20mm 直径标本中）。游离黏膜组织的收缩最大，软骨的收缩最小。
在评估因鼻腔和鼻窦恶性肿瘤而行手术的患者时，应考虑这些结果。在固定之前应测量手术切缘，或在可能的情况下在固定之前评估并考虑收缩。
