Shute Robert, Heesch Matthew, Laursen Terence, Slivka Dustin
University of Nebraska Omaha, School of Health Physical Education and Recreation, Omaha, NE, United States.
Washburn University, Department of Kinesiology, Topeka, KS, United States.
J Therm Biol. 2017 Jul;67:35-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Recovery that takes place in a cold environment after endurance exercise elevates PGC-1α mRNA whereas ERRα and NRF2 mRNA expression are inhibited. However, the effect of local skeletal muscle cooling on mitochondrial-related gene expression is unknown.
To determine the impact of local skeletal muscle cooling during recovery from an acute bout of exercise on mitochondrial-related gene expression.
Recreationally-trained male cyclists (n=8, age 25±3 y, height 181±6cm, weight 79±8kg, 12.8±3.6% body fat, VO 4.52±0.88L·min protocol) completed a 90-min variable intensity cycling protocol followed by 4h of recovery. During recovery, ice was applied intermittently to one leg (ICE) while the other leg served as a control (CON). Intramuscular temperature was recorded continuously. Muscle biopsies were taken from each vastus lateralis at 4h post-exercise for the analysis of mitochondrial-related gene expression.
Intramuscular temperature was colder in ICE (26.7±1.1°C) than CON (35.5±0.1°C) throughout the 4h recovery period (p<0.001). There were no differences in expression of PGC-1α, TFAM, NRF1, NRF2, or ERRα mRNA between ICE and CON after the 4h recovery period.
Local muscle cooling after exercise does not impact the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes compared to recovery from exercise in control conditions. When these data are considered with previous research, the stimuli for cold-induced gene expression alterations may be related to factors other than local muscle temperature. Additionally, different intramuscular temperatures should be examined to determine dose-response of mitochondrial-related gene expression.
耐力运动后在寒冷环境中恢复会使PGC-1α mRNA升高，而ERRα和NRF2 mRNA表达受到抑制。然而，局部骨骼肌冷却对线粒体相关基因表达的影响尚不清楚。
确定急性运动恢复期间局部骨骼肌冷却对线粒体相关基因表达的影响。
经过休闲训练的男性自行车运动员（n = 8，年龄25±3岁，身高181±6cm，体重79±8kg，体脂12.8±3.6%，VO₂max 4.52±0.88L·min⁻¹）完成90分钟的可变强度自行车运动方案，随后进行4小时恢复。在恢复期间，对一条腿间歇性冰敷（ICE），另一条腿作为对照（CON）。连续记录肌肉内温度。运动后4小时从每侧股外侧肌取肌肉活检样本，用于分析线粒体相关基因表达。
在整个4小时恢复期间，ICE组的肌肉内温度（26.7±1.1°C）低于CON组（35.5±0.1°C）（p<0.001）。4小时恢复后，ICE组和CON组之间PGC-1α、TFAM、NRF1、NRF2或ERRα mRNA的表达没有差异。
与在对照条件下运动恢复相比，运动后局部肌肉冷却不会影响线粒体生物发生相关基因的表达。当将这些数据与先前的研究结合考虑时，寒冷诱导基因表达改变的刺激因素可能与局部肌肉温度以外的因素有关。此外，应研究不同的肌肉内温度，以确定线粒体相关基因表达的剂量反应。
