Palumbo Fabio, Galla Giulio, Barcaccia Gianni
University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, Viale dell'Università 16, IT-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
Food Technol Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;55(1):29-39. doi: 10.17113/ftb.55.01.17.4858.
The orzo Agordino is a very old local variety of domesticated barley ( ssp. L.) that is native to the Agordo District, Province of Belluno, and is widespread in the Veneto Region, Italy. Seeds of this landrace are widely used for the preparation of very famous dishes of the dolomitic culinary tradition such as barley soup, bakery products and local beer. Understanding the genetic diversity and identity of the Agordino barley landrace is a key step to establish conservation and valorisation strategies of this local variety and also to provide molecular traceability tools useful to ascertain the authenticity of its derivatives. The gene pool of the Agordino barley landrace was reconstructed using 60 phenotypically representative individual plants and its genotypic relationships with commercial varieties were investigated using 21 pure lines widely cultivated in the Veneto Region. For genomic DNA analysis, following an initial screening of 14 mapped microsatellite (SSR) loci, seven discriminant markers were selected on the basis of their genomic position across linkage groups and polymorphic marker alleles per locus. The genetic identity of the local barley landrace was determined by analysing all SSR markers in a single multi-locus PCR assay. Extent of genotypic variation within the Agordino barley landrace and the genotypic differentiation between the landrace individuals and the commercial varieties was determined. Then, as few as four highly informative SSR loci were selected and used to develop a molecular traceability system exploitable to verify the genetic authenticity of food products deriving from the Agordino landrace. This genetic authentication assay was validated using both DNA pools from individual Agordino barley plants and DNA samples from Agordino barley food products. On the whole, our data support the usefulness and robustness of this DNA-based diagnostic tool for the orzo Agordino identification, which could be rapidly and efficiently exploited to guarantee the authenticity of local varieties and the typicality of food products.
奥尔佐·阿戈尔迪诺（Orzo Agordino）是一种非常古老的本地驯化大麦品种（亚种L.），原产于贝卢诺省的阿戈尔迪诺地区，广泛分布于意大利威尼托大区。这种地方品种的种子被广泛用于制作多洛米蒂烹饪传统中非常著名的菜肴，如大麦汤、烘焙食品和当地啤酒。了解阿戈尔迪诺大麦地方品种的遗传多样性和特性是制定该地方品种保护和增值策略的关键一步，也是提供有助于确定其衍生物真实性的分子溯源工具的关键一步。利用60株表型代表性单株重建了阿戈尔迪诺大麦地方品种的基因库，并利用威尼托大区广泛种植的21个纯系研究了其与商业品种的基因型关系。对于基因组DNA分析，在初步筛选14个定位微卫星（SSR）位点后，根据它们在连锁群中的基因组位置和每个位点的多态性标记等位基因，选择了7个判别标记。通过在单一多位点PCR分析中分析所有SSR标记来确定当地大麦地方品种的遗传特性。确定了阿戈尔迪诺大麦地方品种内的基因型变异程度以及地方品种个体与商业品种之间的基因型分化。然后，选择了少至4个信息丰富的SSR位点，并用于开发一种分子溯源系统，可用于验证源自阿戈尔迪诺地方品种的食品的遗传真实性。使用来自阿戈尔迪诺大麦单株的DNA池和来自阿戈尔迪诺大麦食品的DNA样本对这种基因鉴定分析进行了验证。总体而言，我们的数据支持这种基于DNA的诊断工具用于奥尔佐·阿戈尔迪诺鉴定的有用性和稳健性，该工具可快速有效地用于保证地方品种的真实性和食品的典型性。
