基本能源接入能否产生社会效益和经济效益？印度离网太阳能的实地试验。
Does basic energy access generate socioeconomic benefits? A field experiment with off-grid solar power in India.
机构信息
Department of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4600 Wesley W. Posvar Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Building, 40 Bute Gardens, Glasgow G12 8RT, Scotland, U.K.
出版信息
Sci Adv. 2017 May 17;3(5):e1602153. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1602153. eCollection 2017 May.
This article assesses the socioeconomic effects of solar microgrids. The lack of access to electricity is a major obstacle to the socioeconomic development of more than a billion people. Off-grid solar technologies hold potential as an affordable and clean solution to satisfy basic electricity needs. We conducted a randomized field experiment in India to estimate the causal effect of off-grid solar power on electricity access and broader socioeconomic development of 1281 rural households. Within a year, electrification rates in the treatment group increased by 29 to 36 percentage points. Daily hours of access to electricity increased only by 0.99 to 1.42 hours, and the confidence intervals are wide. Kerosene expenditure on the black market decreased by 47 to 49 rupees per month. Despite these strong electrification and expenditure effects, we found no systematic evidence for changes in savings, spending, business creation, time spent working or studying, or other broader indicators of socioeconomic development.
本文评估了太阳能微电网的社会经济影响。对于超过 10 亿人来说，无法获得电力是其社会经济发展的主要障碍。离网太阳能技术作为一种经济实惠且清洁的解决方案，具有满足基本电力需求的潜力。我们在印度进行了一项随机现场实验，以估计离网太阳能对 1281 户农村家庭的电力接入和更广泛的社会经济发展的因果影响。在一年内，治疗组的电气化率增加了 29 到 36 个百分点。每天的电力使用时间仅增加了 0.99 到 1.42 小时，置信区间较宽。黑市上的煤油支出每月减少了 47 到 49 卢比。尽管有这些强劲的电气化和支出效果，但我们没有发现储蓄、支出、创业、工作或学习时间或其他更广泛的社会经济发展指标有系统的变化证据。
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