Flensborg-Madsen Trine, Mortensen Erik Lykke
Unit of Medical Psychology, Department of Public Health, and Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Unit of Medical Psychology, Department of Public Health, and Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pediatrics. 2017 Jun;139(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-3161. Epub 2017 May 10.
We examined the associations between birth weight and intelligence at 3 different adult ages.
The Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort is comprised of children born in Copenhagen from 1959 to 1961. Information on birth weight and ≥1 tests of intelligence was available for 4696 members of the cohort. Intelligence was assessed at a mean age of 19 years with the Børge Priens Prøve test, at age 28 years with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and at age 50 years with the Intelligenz-Struktur-Test 2000 R.
Birth weight was significantly associated with intelligence at all 3 follow-up assessments, with intelligence scores increasing across 4 birth weight categories and declining for the highest birth weight category. The adjusted differences between those in the <2.5kg birth weight group and those in the 3.5 to 4.00kg group were >5 IQ points at all 3 follow-up assessments, corresponding to one-third of a SD. The association was stable from young adulthood into midlife,and not weaker at age 50 years. Adjustment for potential confounding factors, including infant socioeconomic status and gestational age, did not dilute the associations, and associations with intelligence were evident across the normal birth weight range and so were not accounted for by low birth weight only.
The association between birth weight and intelligence is stable from young adulthood into midlife. These long-term cognitive consequences may imply that even small shifts in the distribution of birth size, in normal-sized infants as well, may have a large impact at the population level.
我们研究了出生体重与3个不同成年年龄阶段智力之间的关联。
哥本哈根围产期队列由1959年至1961年在哥本哈根出生的儿童组成。该队列中的4696名成员有出生体重信息以及≥1次智力测试结果。智力评估在平均年龄19岁时采用伯格·普里恩斯测试，28岁时采用韦氏成人智力量表，50岁时采用智力结构测试2000 R。
在所有3次随访评估中，出生体重均与智力显著相关，随着4个出生体重类别智力得分升高，而最高出生体重类别得分下降。在所有3次随访评估中，出生体重<2.5kg组与3.5至4.00kg组之间的校正差异均>5个智商点，相当于标准差的三分之一。从青年期到中年期，这种关联一直稳定，在50岁时也没有减弱。对包括婴儿社会经济地位和胎龄在内的潜在混杂因素进行校正并没有削弱这种关联，并且在正常出生体重范围内与智力的关联都很明显，因此并非仅由低出生体重导致。
出生体重与智力之间的关联从青年期到中年期一直稳定。这些长期的认知后果可能意味着，即使是正常体重婴儿出生体重分布的微小变化，在人群层面也可能产生重大影响。
