Dolati Sepideh, Barzegar Ali, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi Fatemeh, Abdollahi Morteza, Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim
Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neishabouri St, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):687. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07764-0.
Inadequate maternal nutrition has adverse consequences for both mother and fetus. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of the food basket support program for undernourished pregnant and lactating mothers on maternal and infant weight gain and maternal anemia.
The present study was conducted retrospectively and semi-experimentally in 2023. Pregnant women (n = 652) were divided into Three groups: food basket (intervention), eligible non-supported (control), and non-needy control group. If a pregnant mother met one of the following criteria and was in financial need, she entered the program: body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m, body weight < 45 kg, hemoglobin < 11 g/dL, multiple birth, unfavorable weight gain (WG) during pregnancy. The collected information includes the mothers' socio-economic characteristics, BMI, WG and hemoglobin in the fourth and eighth months of pregnancy, the weight and head circumference of the infants at the time of birth, and the trend of the infants' weight and type of nutrition at 2, 4 and 6 months. Repeated measurement ANOVA was used to compare data in several times.
There was a significant difference between the three groups in terms of educational and occupational level. The prevalence of anemia was remained unchanged in the food basket group (from 23 to 25%); however, it increased in the eligible non-supported group (from 22 to 37%) and non-needy control (from 0.5 to 8.6%) groups. The difference in mother's WG in the fourth and eighth months of pregnancy was evident between the intervention group and others. The birth weight of infants in the eligible non-supported group (3036.6 ± 457.6) was significantly lower than the non-needy control group (3161.0 ± 440.4). Repeated measurement ANOVA showed the time*group interaction was significant in weight of infants in 2, 4, and 6 months that means groups were significantly different in terms of infant weight during 6 months of age (p < 0.05).
The present study showed that participation in the food basket support program could lead to an increase in the appropriate weight of mothers, an improvement in birth weight and an increase in the weight of infants compared to the non-needy control group.
孕产妇营养不足会对母亲和胎儿都产生不良后果。本研究旨在调查针对营养不良的孕妇和哺乳期母亲的食品篮支持计划对母婴体重增加和母亲贫血的有效性。
本研究于2023年进行回顾性和半实验性研究。将孕妇（n = 652）分为三组：食品篮组（干预组）、符合条件但未获支持组（对照组）和非贫困对照组。如果孕妇符合以下标准之一且有经济需求，她就可以进入该计划：体重指数（BMI）<18.5kg/m²、体重<45kg、血红蛋白<11g/dL、多胞胎、孕期体重增加（WG）不理想。收集的信息包括母亲的社会经济特征、BMI、孕期第四个月和第八个月的WG和血红蛋白、婴儿出生时的体重和头围，以及婴儿在2个月、4个月和6个月时的体重趋势和营养类型。采用重复测量方差分析来多次比较数据。
三组在教育和职业水平方面存在显著差异。食品篮组的贫血患病率保持不变（从23%降至25%）；然而，符合条件但未获支持组（从22%升至37%）和非贫困对照组（从0.5%升至8.6%）的贫血患病率有所上升。干预组与其他组在孕期第四个月和第八个月母亲的WG差异明显。符合条件但未获支持组婴儿的出生体重（3036.6±457.6）显著低于非贫困对照组（3161.0±440.4）。重复测量方差分析显示，时间*组交互作用在婴儿2个月、4个月和6个月时的体重方面具有显著性，这意味着在6个月大时，各组在婴儿体重方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
本研究表明，与非贫困对照组相比，参与食品篮支持计划可导致母亲体重适当增加、出生体重改善以及婴儿体重增加。
