Rodriguez Constantina, Fanara Juan J, Hasson Esteban
GIBE, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pab. II, (1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Evolution. 1999 Apr;53(2):612-620. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1999.tb03796.x.
In this study we present the results of an analysis of differential longevity associated with Drosophila buzzatii second chromosome inversion karyotypes based on the assessment of more than 1000 individuals collected in a natural population. Comparisons of inversion frequencies between emerged and bait-collected flies showed not only that inversion arrangements were associated with differential longevity, but also that selection was sex specific. Because each individual fly was scored for thorax length and karyotype, we were able to show that longevity selection favoring larger flies coupled with the average effect of inversions on thorax length can account for the change of inversion frequencies due to longevity in females. The observed genotypic-by-sex interaction could be an important mechanism involved in the maintenance of the polymorphism. Arrangement 2Jz , which was shown to impaired fecundity in two independent previous studies, exhibited a positive effect on longevity. This pattern of negative pleiotropy may be another plausible mechanism accounting for the maintenance of the polymorphism.
在本研究中，我们基于对从自然种群中收集的1000多个个体的评估，展示了与巴氏果蝇第二染色体倒位核型相关的差异寿命分析结果。羽化果蝇和诱捕果蝇之间倒位频率的比较不仅表明倒位排列与差异寿命相关，还表明选择具有性别特异性。由于对每只果蝇的胸长和核型都进行了评分，我们能够证明有利于较大果蝇的寿命选择以及倒位对胸长的平均影响可以解释雌性果蝇因寿命导致的倒位频率变化。观察到的基因型与性别的相互作用可能是维持多态性的一个重要机制。在之前两项独立研究中显示会损害繁殖力的2Jz排列，对寿命表现出积极影响。这种负向多效性模式可能是解释多态性维持的另一个合理机制。
