Gould Gillian S, Bovill Michelle, Clarke Marilyn J, Gruppetta Maree, Cadet-James Yvonne, Bonevski Billie
Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
Midwifery. 2017 Sep;52:27-33. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 19.
One in two Indigenous Australian pregnant women smoke, yet little is known about their trajectory of smoking. This study aimed to explore Aboriginal women's narratives from starting smoking through to pregnancy.
A female Aboriginal Researcher conducted individual face-to-face interviews with 20 Aboriginal women from New South Wales, Australia. Recruitment, through Aboriginal services and community networks, continued until saturation was reached. Audio-recorded transcripts were independently open coded by two researchers, inductively analysed and reported using a three-dimensional structure of looking backwards, forwards, inwards, outwards and a sense of place, to elucidate the chronology of events, life stages, characters, environments, and turning points of the stories.
A chronology emerged from smoking initiation in childhood, coming of age, becoming pregnant, through to attempts at quitting, and relapse post-partum. Several new themes emerged: the role mothers play in women's smoking and quitting; the contribution of nausea to spontaneous quitting; depression as a barrier to quitting; and the hopes of women for their own and their children's future. The epiphany of pregnancy was a key turning point for many - including the interplay of successive pregnancies; and the intensity of expressed regret.
Aboriginal women report multiple influences in the progression of early smoking to pregnancy and beyond. Potential opportunities to intervene include: a) childhood, coming of age, pregnancy, post-natal, in-between births; b) key influencers; c) environments, and d) targeting concurrent substance use. Morning sickness appears to be a natural deterrent to continued smoking. Depression, and its relationship to smoking and quitting in Australian Indigenous pregnant women, requires further research.
澳大利亚有一半的原住民孕妇吸烟，但对她们的吸烟轨迹却知之甚少。本研究旨在探究原住民女性从开始吸烟到怀孕期间的经历。
一位原住民女性研究员对来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州的20名原住民女性进行了面对面的个人访谈。通过原住民服务机构和社区网络进行招募，直至达到饱和状态。两位研究人员对录音转录本进行独立的开放式编码，进行归纳分析，并使用回顾、展望、向内、向外和场所感的三维结构进行报告，以阐明事件的时间顺序、生命阶段、人物、环境和故事的转折点。
从童年开始吸烟、成年、怀孕，到尝试戒烟以及产后复吸，形成了一个时间顺序。出现了几个新主题：母亲在女性吸烟和戒烟中所起的作用；恶心对自发戒烟的作用；抑郁是戒烟的障碍；以及女性对自己和孩子未来的期望。怀孕的顿悟对许多人来说是一个关键转折点——包括连续怀孕的相互影响；以及所表达的悔恨的强烈程度。
原住民女性报告了早期吸烟到怀孕及之后过程中的多种影响因素。潜在的干预机会包括：a）童年、成年、怀孕、产后、两次生育之间；b）关键影响因素；c）环境；d）针对同时使用其他物质的情况。晨吐似乎是持续吸烟的自然威慑因素。抑郁及其与澳大利亚原住民孕妇吸烟和戒烟的关系需要进一步研究。
