Attwood Angela S, Easey Kayleigh E, Dalili Michael N, Skinner Andrew L, Woods Andy, Crick Lana, Ilett Elizabeth, Penton-Voak Ian S, Munafò Marcus R
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 May 31;4(5):160855. doi: 10.1098/rsos.160855. eCollection 2017 May.
High trait anxiety has been associated with detriments in emotional face processing. By contrast, relatively little is known about the effects of anxiety on emotional face processing. We investigated the effects of state anxiety on recognition of emotional expressions (anger, sadness, surprise, disgust, fear and happiness) experimentally, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO) model to induce state anxiety, and in a large observational study. The experimental studies indicated reduced global (rather than emotion-specific) emotion recognition accuracy and increased interpretation bias (a tendency to perceive anger over happiness) when state anxiety was heightened. The observational study confirmed that higher state anxiety is associated with poorer emotion recognition, and indicated that negative effects of trait anxiety are negated when controlling for state anxiety, suggesting a mediating effect of state anxiety. These findings may have implications for anxiety disorders, which are characterized by increased frequency, intensity or duration of state anxious episodes.
高特质焦虑与情绪面孔加工受损有关。相比之下，关于焦虑对情绪面孔加工的影响所知甚少。我们通过实验研究了状态焦虑对情绪表情（愤怒、悲伤、惊讶、厌恶、恐惧和快乐）识别的影响，使用7.5%二氧化碳（CO）模型诱导状态焦虑，并进行了一项大型观察性研究。实验研究表明，当状态焦虑加剧时，整体（而非特定情绪）情绪识别准确性降低，解释偏差增加（倾向于将愤怒误判为快乐）。观察性研究证实，较高的状态焦虑与较差的情绪识别有关，并表明在控制状态焦虑时，特质焦虑的负面影响会被抵消，这表明状态焦虑具有中介作用。这些发现可能对焦虑症有启示意义，焦虑症的特征是状态焦虑发作的频率、强度或持续时间增加。
