Li Lydia W, Dong XinQi
School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Medicine, Nursing and Behavioral Science Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017 Jul 1;72(suppl_1):S119-S124. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw174.
Discrimination is part of life for many Americans, especially ethnic minorities. Focusing on older Chinese Americans, this study examines the association between self-reported discrimination and depressive symptoms and identifies subgroups that are more likely to report experiencing discrimination.
We conducted cross-sectional analysis of data collected from adults (age 60+ years) of Chinese origin residing in the Greater Chicago area (N = 3,004). Self-reported discrimination was assessed by the Experiences of Discrimination instrument and was dichotomized (yes vs no). Depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Logistic regression of self-reported discrimination and negative binominal regression of depressive symptoms were conducted.
About 21.5% of the sample reported having experienced discrimination. The odds of reporting discrimination are higher for those who are younger, have higher education and income, are more acculturated, have been in the United States longer, live outside Chinatown, and have higher levels of neuroticism and conscientiousness. Self-reported discrimination is significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms, independent of sociodemographic characteristics, migration-related variables, and personality factors.
Findings suggest a robust relationship between self-reported discrimination and depressive symptoms in older Chinese Americans. They further suggest that the relatively advantaged groups-younger, higher socioeconomic status, more acculturated, and living outside Chinatown-are more likely to report experiencing discrimination.
对许多美国人，尤其是少数族裔而言，歧视是生活的一部分。本研究聚焦于年长的华裔美国人，探讨自我报告的歧视与抑郁症状之间的关联，并确定更有可能报告遭受歧视的亚组。
我们对居住在大芝加哥地区的60岁及以上华裔成年人（N = 3,004）收集的数据进行了横断面分析。自我报告的歧视通过歧视经历量表进行评估，并分为两类（是与否）。抑郁症状通过患者健康问卷（PHQ - 9）进行测量。进行了自我报告歧视的逻辑回归和抑郁症状的负二项回归。
约21.5%的样本报告曾遭受歧视。年龄较小、教育程度和收入较高、文化适应程度较高、在美国居住时间较长、居住在唐人街以外、神经质和尽责性水平较高的人报告遭受歧视的几率更高。自我报告的歧视与抑郁症状显著正相关，不受社会人口学特征、与移民相关的变量和人格因素的影响。
研究结果表明，在年长的华裔美国人中，自我报告的歧视与抑郁症状之间存在密切关系。研究结果还表明，相对优势群体——年龄较小、社会经济地位较高、文化适应程度较高且居住在唐人街以外——更有可能报告遭受歧视。
