Afonso P, Fonseca M, Pires J F
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Center of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Occup Med (Lond). 2017 Jul 1;67(5):377-382. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqx054.
The number of hours people are required to work has a pervasive influence on both physical and mental health. Excessive working hours can also negatively affect sleep quality. The impact at work of mental health problems can have serious consequences for individuals' as well as for organizations' productivity.
To evaluate differences in sleep quality and anxiety and depression symptoms between longer working hours group (LWHG) and regular working hours group (RWHG). To examine factors influencing weekly working hours, sleep quality and anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Participants were divided into two groups, RWHG and LWHG, based on working hours, with a cut-off of 48 h per week. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess anxiety and depression symptoms and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure the quality and patterns of sleep.
The response rate was 23%. Among the 429 study participants, those in the LWHG group (n = 256, 53%) had significantly more depressive and anxiety symptoms and worse sleep quality than those in RWHG (n = 223, 47%). Working time was significantly positively correlated with higher corporate position and HADS scores. Moreover, HADS scores were positively correlated with PSQI scores and negatively correlated with age.
This study suggests that longer working hours are associated with poorer mental health status and increasing levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. There was a positive correlation between these symptoms and sleep disturbances.
人们的工作时长对身心健康有着广泛影响。过长的工作时间还会对睡眠质量产生负面影响。心理健康问题对工作的影响会给个人和组织的生产力带来严重后果。
评估长工作时长组（LWHG）和正常工作时长组（RWHG）在睡眠质量、焦虑和抑郁症状方面的差异。研究影响每周工作时长、睡眠质量以及焦虑和抑郁症状的因素。
根据工作时长将参与者分为两组，即RWHG和LWHG，以每周48小时为界限。我们使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估焦虑和抑郁症状，并用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）测量睡眠质量和模式。
应答率为23%。在429名研究参与者中，LWHG组（n = 256，53%）的抑郁和焦虑症状明显多于RWHG组（n = 223，47%），睡眠质量也更差。工作时间与较高的公司职位和HADS得分显著正相关。此外，HADS得分与PSQI得分正相关，与年龄负相关。
本研究表明，较长的工作时间与较差的心理健康状况以及焦虑和抑郁症状水平的增加有关。这些症状与睡眠障碍之间存在正相关。
