Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee.
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2019 Jan 10;74(2):254-263. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx070.
The current study investigated baseline and longitudinal relationships between memory complaints, depressive symptoms, and cognition in older adults.
Using the sample from the Personal Reminder Information and Social Management trial, we generated path models predicting self-rated memory complaints measured by the Memory Functioning Questionnaire (MFQ).
Our baseline models showed that more depressive symptoms were associated with reporting more frequent forgetting incidents and a greater decline in memory function. The baseline models also revealed that higher scores in a latent cognitive function were associated with reporting a greater decline in memory functioning and a greater use of mnemonics. However, cognitive predictors did not mediate the baseline associations between the MFQ measures and depressive symptoms. Further, these predictors were not able to directly predict the 12-month MFQ measures over and above the baseline effects. Including personality traits (neuroticism and conscientiousness) did not significantly affect the models.
Our results suggest that memory complaints about frequency of forgetting can be the most reliable indicator of depression risk among the four factors in the MFQ. We discuss theoretical implications for longitudinal relationships between memory complaints, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function in older adults.
本研究调查了老年人记忆主诉、抑郁症状和认知之间的基线和纵向关系。
利用个人提醒信息和社会管理试验的样本，我们生成了路径模型，预测由记忆功能问卷（MFQ）测量的自我报告的记忆主诉。
我们的基线模型显示，更多的抑郁症状与报告更频繁的遗忘事件和记忆功能下降更大有关。基线模型还表明，潜在认知功能的得分较高与报告记忆功能下降更大和更多使用记忆术有关。然而，认知预测因素并不能中介 MFQ 测量与抑郁症状之间的基线关联。此外，这些预测因素不能直接预测超过基线影响的 12 个月 MFQ 测量值。包括人格特质（神经质和尽责性）并没有显著影响模型。
我们的结果表明，记忆主诉中的遗忘频率可能是 MFQ 四个因素中最能可靠预测老年人抑郁风险的指标。我们讨论了记忆主诉、抑郁症状和认知功能之间的纵向关系的理论意义。
