Gericke Adrian, Wasielica-Poslednik Joanna, Zimmermann Marion, Musayeva Aytan
Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2019 Jun;236(6):777-783. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-109693. Epub 2017 Jun 2.
In humans, regeneration of the corneal epithelium is regulated by the stem cell reservoir of the limbus. After extensive limbal damage, e.g., by inflammation, thermal burn or chemical injury, limbal stem cell deficiency leading to vascularization and opacification of the cornea and resulting in vision loss, may develop. Several techniques of autologous and allogenic stem cell transplantation have been established. The limbus can be restored by transplantation of whole limbal grafts, small limbal biopsies or by ex vivo-expanded limbal cells. In this review, the physiology of corneal epithelium, the pathophysiology of limbal stem cell deficiency and the therapeutic procedures will be presented.
在人类中，角膜上皮的再生由角膜缘的干细胞库调控。在角膜缘受到广泛损伤后，例如因炎症、热烧伤或化学损伤，可能会发生角膜缘干细胞缺乏，进而导致角膜血管化和混浊，最终造成视力丧失。目前已经建立了多种自体和异体干细胞移植技术。通过移植全角膜缘移植物、小块角膜缘活检组织或经体外扩增的角膜缘细胞，可以恢复角膜缘。在这篇综述中，将介绍角膜上皮的生理学、角膜缘干细胞缺乏的病理生理学以及治疗方法。
