Laxminarayana Dama
Editor in Chief, Clinical Medicine Insights: Pathology; Sathya Krishna Genomics LLC, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Clin Med Insights Pathol. 2017 May 16;10:1179555717712716. doi: 10.1177/1179555717712716. eCollection 2017.
Autoimmune diseases are classified into about 80 different types based on their specificity related to system, organ and/or tissue. About 5% of the western population is affected by this anomaly, but its worldwide incidence is unknown. Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous in nature and clinical manifestations range from benign disorders to life-threatening conditions. Autoimmunity strikes at any stage of life, but age and/or gender also play role in onset of some of these anomalies. The autoimmune pathogenesis is initiated by the origination of autoantigens, which leads to the development of autoantibodies followed by auto-immunogenicity and the ultimate onset of autoimmunity. There is a lack of suitable therapies to treat autoimmune diseases, because mechanisms involved in the onset of these anomalies were poorly understood. Present therapies are limited to symptomatic treatment and come with severe side effects. Here, I described the molecular mechanisms and cellular events involved in the initiation of autoimmunity and proposed better strategies to modulate such molecular and cellular anomalies, which will help in preventing and/or controlling autoimmune pathogenesis and ultimately aid in enhancing the quality of life.
自身免疫性疾病根据其与系统、器官和/或组织相关的特异性分为约80种不同类型。西方约5%的人口受此异常影响，但其全球发病率尚不清楚。自身免疫性疾病本质上具有异质性，临床表现从良性疾病到危及生命的情况不等。自身免疫在生命的任何阶段都可能发生，但年龄和/或性别在其中一些异常的发病中也起作用。自身免疫发病机制由自身抗原的产生引发，这导致自身抗体的形成，随后是自身免疫原性和自身免疫的最终发作。由于对这些异常发病机制了解甚少，目前缺乏治疗自身免疫性疾病的合适疗法。现有的治疗方法仅限于对症治疗，且伴有严重的副作用。在此，我描述了自身免疫起始过程中涉及的分子机制和细胞事件，并提出了更好的策略来调节此类分子和细胞异常，这将有助于预防和/或控制自身免疫发病机制，并最终有助于提高生活质量。
