Del Cueto Jorge, Ionescu Irina A, Pičmanová Martina, Gericke Oliver, Motawia Mohammed S, Olsen Carl E, Campoy José A, Dicenta Federico, Møller Birger L, Sánchez-Pérez Raquel
Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSICMurcia, Spain.
Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 19;8:800. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00800. eCollection 2017.
Almond and sweet cherry are two economically important species of the genus. They both produce the cyanogenic glucosides prunasin and amygdalin. As part of a two-component defense system, prunasin and amygdalin release toxic hydrogen cyanide upon cell disruption. In this study, we investigated the potential role within prunasin and amygdalin and some of its derivatives in endodormancy release of these two species. The content of prunasin and of endogenous prunasin turnover products in the course of flower development was examined in five almond cultivars - differing from very early to extra-late in flowering time - and in one sweet early cherry cultivar. In all cultivars, prunasin began to accumulate in the flower buds shortly after dormancy release and the levels dropped again just before flowering time. In almond and sweet cherry, the turnover of prunasin coincided with increased levels of prunasin amide whereas prunasin anitrile pentoside and β-D-glucose-1-benzoate were abundant in almond and cherry flower buds at certain developmental stages. These findings indicate a role for the turnover of cyanogenic glucosides in controlling flower development in species.
杏仁和甜樱桃是该属两种具有重要经济价值的物种。它们都能产生氰苷苦杏仁苷和扁桃苷。作为双组分防御系统的一部分，苦杏仁苷和扁桃苷在细胞破裂时会释放出有毒的氰化氢。在本研究中，我们调查了苦杏仁苷和扁桃苷及其一些衍生物在这两个物种解除内休眠过程中的潜在作用。在五个开花时间从极早到极晚的杏仁品种以及一个早熟甜樱桃品种中，检测了花芽发育过程中苦杏仁苷和内源性苦杏仁苷周转产物的含量。在所有品种中，苦杏仁苷在休眠解除后不久开始在花芽中积累，而在开花前含量又再次下降。在杏仁和甜樱桃中，苦杏仁苷的周转与苦杏仁酰胺水平的升高同时发生，而苦杏仁腈戊糖苷和β-D-葡萄糖-1-苯甲酸酯在杏仁和樱桃花芽的某些发育阶段含量丰富。这些发现表明氰苷周转在控制这些物种的花芽发育中发挥作用。
