Perkin R M, Anas N G
Ann Allergy. 1985 Mar;54(3):202-8.
Anaphylaxis results from the generation and release of a variety of mediators and their effects on various organs. Involvement of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is of primary importance to the attending physician. Prompt recognition and initial therapy directed to maintenance of an effective airway and circulatory system is critical. Cardiovascular collapse may involve the parallel operation of several mechanisms including hypovolemia, alterations in pulmonary or systemic vascular resistance, depressed myocardial contractility, dysrhythmias, and exogenous drug administration. Although epinephrine is the mainstay of therapy, improvement in cardiovascular status may require aggressive fluid administration, and additional pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic aids.
过敏反应是由多种介质的产生和释放及其对各种器官的影响所致。呼吸和心血管系统受累对主治医生来说至关重要。迅速识别并采取旨在维持有效气道和循环系统的初始治疗至关重要。心血管虚脱可能涉及多种机制的协同作用，包括血容量不足、肺或体循环血管阻力改变、心肌收缩力下降、心律失常以及外源性药物使用。虽然肾上腺素是治疗的主要药物，但改善心血管状态可能需要积极补液以及其他药物和非药物辅助治疗。
