Fricchione G L
Biol Psychiatry. 1985 Mar;20(3):304-13. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(85)90060-5.
Neuroleptics are among those pharmacological agents that can cause a nonpsychogenic catatonic state. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is marked by a change in state of consciousness, ranging from withdrawal through stupor to coma. In addition, it is characterized by autonomic dysfunction, hyperthermia, mutism, and rigidity. It is included in the differential diagnosis of the catatonic syndrome. Evidence is reviewed to suggest that agents responsible for improving NMS act on the dopamine (DA) gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) connections in the mesostriatal and mesolimbic systems and also in the hypothalamus. In addition, based on symptomatology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic mechanisms, the relationship between nonpsychogenic neuroleptic-induced catatonia and psychogenic catatonia is examined.
抗精神病药物是能够导致非心因性紧张症状态的药理学药物之一。抗精神病药物恶性综合征（NMS）的特征是意识状态改变，从退缩到木僵再到昏迷。此外，它还具有自主神经功能障碍、高热、缄默和强直的特点。它被纳入紧张症综合征的鉴别诊断中。有证据表明，负责改善NMS的药物作用于中脑纹状体和中脑边缘系统以及下丘脑的多巴胺（DA）-γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）连接。此外，基于症状学、病理生理学和治疗机制，研究了非心因性抗精神病药物所致紧张症与心因性紧张症之间的关系。
