Wang Hui, Liu Chao, Fan Hong, Tian Xu
Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Department of English, School of Foreign Languages, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017;26(4):738-747. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.052016.03.
China has undergone a dramatic transition in food consumption in the past few decades. Diet composition has changed significantly because of an increase in food accessibility and lifestyle changes. To investigate dietary changes in China from the perspective of dietary diversity, we assessed the trend of dietary diversity in China by using the following 4 indicators: count index, dietary diversity score, entropy, and Simpson index. Data of 24,542 adults (age >=18 y) were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) conducted in 2004, 2006, 2009, and 2011. Furthermore, the association between dietary diversity and the number of food facilities was investigated using multivariable regression and local polynomial regression. Results indicate that dietary diversity increased over time and was unequally distributed among regions and families. Urban residents had a significantly more diverse diet compared with their rural counterparts (p<0.01). Moreover, dietary diversity was positively associated with food accessibility (p<0.01), and it was affected by socioeconomic factors such as the family income, household size, gender, age, education, and region. Taken together, these data suggest that the increase in dietary diversity in China in the past decade can be partially attributed to the increase in food accessibility.
在过去几十年里，中国的食物消费经历了巨大转变。由于食物可及性的提高和生活方式的改变，饮食结构发生了显著变化。为了从饮食多样性的角度调查中国的饮食变化，我们使用以下4个指标评估了中国饮食多样性的趋势：计数指数、饮食多样性得分、熵和辛普森指数。24542名成年人（年龄≥18岁）的数据来自于2004年、2006年、2009年和2011年进行的中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）。此外，还使用多变量回归和局部多项式回归研究了饮食多样性与食品设施数量之间的关联。结果表明，饮食多样性随时间增加，且在地区和家庭之间分布不均。与农村居民相比，城市居民的饮食明显更加多样化（p<0.01）。此外，饮食多样性与食物可及性呈正相关（p<0.01），并且受到家庭收入、家庭规模、性别、年龄、教育程度和地区等社会经济因素的影响。综上所述，这些数据表明，过去十年中国饮食多样性的增加部分归因于食物可及性的提高。
