Kim Ha Yeon, Kim Eun Joo, You Joshua Sung H
Translational Research Center for Rehabilitation Robots, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, Korea.
Sports ⋅ Movement ⋅ Artificial Robotics ⋅ Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy Program, Yonsei University, Wonju, Kangwon-do, Korea.
Technol Health Care. 2017 Jul 20;25(S1):93-98. doi: 10.3233/THC-171310.
An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying locomotor networks has the potential to benefit the neurorehabilitation of patients with neurological locomotor deficits. However, the specific locomotor networks that mediate adaptive locomotor performance and changes in gait speed remain unknown.
The aim of the present study was to examine patterns of cortical activation associated with the walking speeds of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 km/h on a treadmill.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was performed on a 30-year-old right-handed healthy female subject, and cerebral hemodynamic changes were observed in cortical locomotor network areas including the primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortex (PMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and sensory association cortex (SAC). The software package NIRS-statistical parametric mapping (NIRS-SPM) was utilized to analyze fNIRS data in the MATLAB environment. SPM t-statistic maps were computed at an uncorrected threshold of p< 0.00001.
At faster walking speeds, oxygenated hemoglobin (OxyHb) was concentrated in the PFC and indicated globalized locomotor network activation of the SMC, PMC, SMA, and PMC; additionally, the site with the highest cortical activation ratio shifted from the SMC to the SMA.
Global locomotor network recruitment, in particular PFC activation indicated by OxyHb in our study, may indicate a response to increased cognitive-locomotor demand due to simultaneous postural maintenance and leg movement coordination.
深入了解运动网络的潜在机制可能有助于改善神经运动功能障碍患者的神经康复。然而，介导适应性运动表现和步态速度变化的具体运动网络仍不清楚。
本研究旨在研究在跑步机上以1.5、2.0、2.5和3.0 km/h的步行速度时相关的皮质激活模式。
对一名30岁右利手健康女性受试者进行功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）检测，观察包括初级感觉运动皮层（SMC）、运动前皮层（PMC）、辅助运动区（SMA）、前额叶皮层（PFC）和感觉联合皮层（SAC）在内的皮质运动网络区域的脑血流动力学变化。利用软件包NIRS-统计参数映射（NIRS-SPM）在MATLAB环境中分析fNIRS数据。在未校正的p<0.00001阈值下计算SPM t统计量图。
在较快步行速度下，氧合血红蛋白（OxyHb）集中在前额叶皮层，表明初级感觉运动皮层、运动前皮层、辅助运动区和运动前皮层的运动网络整体激活；此外，皮质激活率最高的部位从初级感觉运动皮层转移到辅助运动区。
我们的研究中，整体运动网络的募集，特别是氧合血红蛋白所显示的前额叶皮层激活，可能表明由于同时进行姿势维持和腿部运动协调，对认知-运动需求增加的一种反应。
