Ngwenya Nomusa A, Ramukumba Tendani S
Adelaide Tambo School of Nursing Science, Tshwane University of Technology.
Curationis. 2017 May 23;40(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v40i1.1662.
Obesity has been reported to be on the rise in the world and South Africa is no exception. In recent years obesity has been reported to contribute to the increasing number of people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Africa has the fastest growing number of overweight and obese adolescents, with indications that in 2010, it had more than doubled since 1990. Some people might perceive being overweight as being round and healthy which might contribute to the increased rate of obesity in South Africa. Physical and psychological changes that occur during adolescence can also be observed earlier during the preteen years (ages 9-12 years). During this time, peer groups and external appearance are of importance. Physical changes, such as obesity, might be perceived negatively by adolescents, affecting their self-esteem.
The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of adolescent obesity at a high school in the City of Tshwane.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Stratified random sampling was used and data were collected from 30% of the total population as recommended by the statistician. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis. Validity and reliability were ensured through calibrating the weight-monitoring scale and the measuring tape, which are collection tools.
The results identified the prevalence of adolescent obesity at 8.57%. There is evidence of abdominal obesity and waist-hip ratio ≥ 1. The results show that there is a steady increase in obesity levels among adolescents. The poor response of parents was observed and could demonstrate the need to form stronger partnerships for weight reduction interventions.
Evidence-based prevalence allowed for conceptualisation of the scope of the obesity epidemic and how children and young people are also affected. To enable proper planning for adolescent obesity interventions, the depth of consequences of obesity for the adolescent cohort should be well defined and clarified.
据报道，肥胖在全球呈上升趋势，南非也不例外。近年来，据报道肥胖导致高血压和糖尿病患者人数不断增加。非洲超重和肥胖青少年的数量增长最为迅速，有迹象表明，2010年该数量比1990年增加了一倍多。有些人可能认为超重意味着身材圆润且健康，这可能是南非肥胖率上升的原因之一。青春期发生的生理和心理变化在儿童期（9至12岁）也能更早观察到。在此期间，同龄群体和外在形象很重要。诸如肥胖等生理变化可能会被青少年负面看待，影响他们的自尊。
本研究的目的是确定茨瓦内市一所高中青少年肥胖的患病率。
进行了一项横断面调查。采用分层随机抽样，按照统计学家的建议，从总人口的30%中收集数据。使用描述性分析进行数据分析。通过校准作为收集工具的体重监测秤和卷尺确保了有效性和可靠性。
结果显示青少年肥胖患病率为8.57%。有腹部肥胖和腰臀比≥1的证据。结果表明青少年肥胖水平呈稳步上升趋势。观察到家长的反应不佳，这可能表明需要建立更强大的伙伴关系以开展减肥干预措施。
基于证据的患病率有助于对肥胖流行的范围以及儿童和年轻人如何受到影响进行概念化。为了能够对青少年肥胖干预措施进行适当规划，应明确界定肥胖对青少年群体影响的深度。
