母亲童年期遭受虐待的母婴二元组中毛发皮质醇和脱氢表雄酮的变化。
Alterations of hair cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in mother-infant-dyads with maternal childhood maltreatment.
作者信息
Schury K, Koenig A M, Isele D, Hulbert A L, Krause S, Umlauft M, Kolassa S, Ziegenhain U, Karabatsiakis A, Reister F, Guendel H, Fegert J M, Kolassa I-T
机构信息
Clinical and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
Department of Child and Adolscent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Jun 6;17(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1367-2.
BACKGROUND
Child maltreatment (CM) has severe effects on psychological and physical health. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the major stress system of the body, is dysregulated after CM. The analysis of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in scalp hair presents a new and promising methodological approach to assess chronic HPA axis activity. This study investigated the effects of CM on HPA axis activity in the last trimester of pregnancy by measuring the two important signaling molecules, cortisol and DHEA in hair, shortly after parturition. In addition, we explored potential effects of maternal CM on her offspring's endocrine milieu during pregnancy by measuring cortisol and DHEA in newborns' hair.
METHODS
CM was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Cortisol and DHEA were measured in hair samples of 94 mothers and 30 newborns, collected within six days after delivery. Associations of maternal CM on her own and her newborn's cortisol as well as DHEA concentrations in hair were analyzed with heteroscedastic regression models.
RESULTS
Higher CM was associated with significantly higher DHEA levels, but not cortisol concentrations in maternal hair. Moreover, maternal CM was positively, but only as a non-significant trend, associated with higher DHEA levels in the newborns' hair.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that the steroid milieu of the mother, at least on the level of DHEA, is altered after CM, possibly leading to non-genomic transgenerational effects on the developing fetus in utero. Indeed, we observed on an explorative level first hints that the endocrine milieu for the developing child might be altered in CM mothers. These results need extension and replication in future studies. The measurement of hair steroids in mothers and their newborns is promising, but more research is needed to better understand the effects of a maternal history of CM on the developing fetus.
背景
儿童虐待（CM）对心理和身体健康有严重影响。下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴是人体主要的应激系统，在遭受儿童虐待后会失调。分析头皮毛发中的皮质醇和脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）为评估慢性HPA轴活性提供了一种新的且有前景的方法。本研究通过在分娩后不久测量毛发中两种重要的信号分子皮质醇和DHEA，调查了儿童虐待对妊娠晚期HPA轴活性的影响。此外，我们通过测量新生儿毛发中的皮质醇和DHEA，探讨了母亲遭受儿童虐待对其孕期后代内分泌环境的潜在影响。
方法
使用儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）评估儿童虐待情况。在分娩后六天内收集了94名母亲和30名新生儿的毛发样本，并测量其中的皮质醇和DHEA。采用异方差回归模型分析母亲遭受儿童虐待与其自身及新生儿毛发中皮质醇和DHEA浓度之间的关联。
结果
较高的儿童虐待程度与母亲毛发中显著较高的DHEA水平相关，但与皮质醇浓度无关。此外，母亲遭受儿童虐待与新生儿毛发中较高的DHEA水平呈正相关，但仅为非显著趋势。
结论
结果表明，母亲的类固醇环境，至少在DHEA水平上，在遭受儿童虐待后会发生改变，这可能导致对子宫内发育中的胎儿产生非基因组的跨代影响。事实上，我们在探索性层面上首次发现有迹象表明，遭受儿童虐待的母亲所生儿童的内分泌环境可能会发生改变。这些结果需要在未来的研究中进一步扩展和验证。测量母亲及其新生儿毛发中的类固醇具有前景，但需要更多研究以更好地理解母亲的儿童虐待史对发育中胎儿的影响。
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