Certain basic principles are applicable to most drug overdose emergencies. These include emptying the stomach, administering activated charcoal, supporting vital functions, protecting target organs and using specific antidotes in appropriate cases. There are certain steps to be taken automatically in an unconscious patient with an unknown overdose. Drug screens rarely affect management. Special situations involve overdoses of acetaminophen, salicylates, tricyclic antidepressants, anticholinergics and narcotics.
某些基本原则适用于大多数药物过量紧急情况。这些原则包括洗胃、给予活性炭、维持重要功能、保护靶器官以及在适当情况下使用特定解毒剂。对于不明药物过量的昏迷患者，有一些步骤需要自动采取。药物筛查很少影响治疗管理。特殊情况包括对乙酰氨基酚、水杨酸盐、三环类抗抑郁药、抗胆碱能药物和麻醉药品的过量服用。
