Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel.
Plant Industries Division, Northern Territory Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia.
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2017 Aug 4;55:231-256. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035349. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was first described in 1935 infecting cucumber, making it one of the first plant viruses to be studied. Its initial distribution occurred out of England to other countries. This was followed by its distribution from England and these other countries to additional countries. This process increased slowly between 1935 and 1985, faster between 1986 and 2006, and rapidly between 2007 and 2016. The discovery that it diminished cucurbit fruit yields and quality, especially of watermelon, prompted a substantial research effort in worst-affected countries. These efforts included obtaining insight into its particle and genome characteristics, evolution, and epidemiology. CGMMV's particle stability, ease of contact transmission, and seed transmissibility, which are typical tobamovirus characteristics, explained its complex disease cycle and its ability to spread locally or over long distances without a vector. Knowledge of its disease etiology and epidemiology enabled development of integrated disease management approaches that rely heavily on diverse phytosanitary measures. Dispersal of seed-borne infection through the international seed trade following cucurbit seed crop production in tropical or subtropical countries explains its recent rapid dispersion worldwide.
黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（CGMMV）于 1935 年首次被描述，感染黄瓜，使其成为最早研究的植物病毒之一。其最初的分布范围是在英国以外的其他国家。随后，它从英国和这些其他国家传播到其他国家。在 1935 年至 1985 年期间，这一过程缓慢增加，在 1986 年至 2006 年期间加快，在 2007 年至 2016 年期间迅速增加。发现它降低了葫芦科果实的产量和品质，特别是西瓜，这促使受影响最严重的国家进行了大量的研究。这些努力包括深入了解其粒子和基因组特征、进化和流行病学。CGMMV 的粒子稳定性、易于接触传播和种子可传播性，这些都是典型的烟草花叶病毒特征，解释了其复杂的疾病循环及其在没有载体的情况下能够在本地或长距离传播的能力。对其疾病病因和流行病学的了解使得能够开发出依赖于多种植物检疫措施的综合疾病管理方法。在热带或亚热带国家生产葫芦科作物种子后，通过国际种子贸易传播种子携带的感染，解释了其最近在全球范围内的迅速传播。
